1. America to the Rescue Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Russia quits the war
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Germans move all the troops to France
British and French forces losing ground
Civilians upset by death and destruction
U.S. to the rescue

2. The United States in WWI
Advantages for the United States and the Allies
Industry
Food
Navy
Convoys and Destroyers
New Weapons (tanks)
Different Strategy
Morale/Energy

3. Turning the Tide of War American Expeditionary Force enters the war.
Fights as a separate unit.
Battle of the Somme – Allies stop the German advance, protect Paris.
Battle of Belleau Wood – TURNING POINT – German forces are pushed back, begin retreating.
Ottoman Empire and Austria-Hungary drop out of the war.
Harlem Hell Fighters

4. Armistice U.S. offers deal to Germany
Cease fire if German Kaiser abdicates
United States is looking for “Peace without victory!”
Cease fire takes place on November, 11th, 1918 at 11:00 AM
Eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month.

5. Cost of the War Approximately 10 million battlefield deaths.
Estimated 5-10 million civilian deaths
20 million people seriously wounded
Influenza epidemic kills 30 million worldwide
70% of all young (20-40) French men are killed or seriously wounded.
Worldwide cost in dollars of 200 billion in direct costs, more than 500 billion in other costs.
By far the deadliest and most expensive war in human history up to that point.

7. Woodrow Wilson's 14 Points
“Peace without victory”
Overall plan for world peace not just the end of WWI
Key points:
Freedom of the Seas
Self Determination – end imperialism
No secret alliances
Disarmament
Creation of an international peace keeping organization called the League of Nations

8. GERMANY IS BLAMED FOR ALL OF WORLD WAR I
Treaty of Versailles
European Nations reject 14 Points – too soft
Unilateral treaty – Germany/Central Powers not invited
Big Four – President Wilson – U.S.
Vittorio Orlando - Italy
Georges Clemenceau – France
David Lloyd George – Great Britain
GERMANY IS BLAMED FOR ALL OF WORLD WAR I

9. Details of the Treaty Germany must disarm.
German colonies are given to Britain and France
Austria- Hungary and Ottoman Empire are broken up
Germany loses a lot of land
Germany split into two parts – “Polish Corridor”
New nations are created in Eastern Europe.
League of Nations is created
Germany is forced to pay reparations – 30 billion dollars
Treaty of Versailles is a complete failure and sets the stage for World War II

10. American Reaction Too Harsh Too Soft League of Nations was the problem
Entangle U.S. in foreign affairs
lose our independence
embarrassing for President Wilson
U.S. Senate rejects the Treaty of Versailles
Separate agreement reached with Germany in 1921.
U.S. does not join the League of Nations