1. Geology

2. Terms Force: A push or a pull Cause movement or change
Destructive Force:
Forces that break down/break apart Earth EQ
Erosion
River carving the Grand Canyon
Constructive Force:
Builds new Earth
Volcanoes
Rivers depositing soil

3. Terms Energy: System: Geology:
The ability to cause movement or changes; creates FORCE
System:
A group of individual pieces that work together to make a larger whole.
Geology:
The study of the solid Earth
Composition and changes

4. The foundation of Geology
4 Foundational Facts:
1. The Earth is always changing
Ex. Flooding, Mountains building, streams eroding, Volcanoes erupting

5. The foundation of Geology
4 Foundational Facts:
2. Changes happen over loooong periods of time.

7. The foundation of Geology
4 Foundational Facts:
3. Most events on Earth happened before humans.

9. The foundation of Geology
4 Foundational Facts:
4. Tiny events have BIG impacts

10. Pythagoras and daVinci
500BCE
Noticed there were sea fossils on mountain tops of Italy.
Fossils lined the desert of Egypt
da Vinci:
Early 1500’s
Rocks study and Sea Fossils
Modern Fossils:
Andes Mountains
Whale Fossils
Himalayan Mountains
Sea shell fossils

11. James Hutton 1750’s Scottish Doctor and Farmer Father of Geology
Siccar Point

12. Huttonian Revolution
Created the 4 Foundations of Geology

13. Huttonian Revolution Relative Age:
Layers of Earth tell a story of time
Compare layers
Oldest is usually on the bottom.

14. Studying Beneath Earth’s Surface:
Core Samples
Seismic Waves
“Straws”
Con: Don’t go past 12km
Pro: Physically see
Waves of Energy from EQ
Measure time and reflection
Con: Can’t see, rely on nature
Pro: All layers