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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Professorship Labourparticipation
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Hanze UAS: Fit for sustainable employability (Fit4SE) Hilbrand Oldenhuis (Professorship Labour Participation) Louis Polstra (Professorship Labour Participation) Hugo Velthuijsen (Professorship New Business and ICT) Martijn de Groot (Quantified Self Institute) 2 2
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Sustainable employability: the extent to which a worker wants to and is able to continue to perform his/her current and future jobs in a healthy and valued way (Van Vuuren, 2011; van der Klink et al., 2010) 3 3
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Health Sustainable employability (e.g. Tuomi et al., 2001; Ilmarinen et al., 1997; Van den Berg et al., 2008) 4 4
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Aim of this project: Studying the effect of self-tracking devices as a means to increase employees’ sustainable employability Self-tracking devices: technology that enables its users to gain an understanding of and obtain feedback about certain physiological parameters and/or lifestyle behaviours over an extended period 5 5
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Self-tracking devices as a means to influence behavior Self-determination theory (o.a. Ryan & Deci, 2000; Vansteenkiste & Ryan, 2013): Intrinsically motivated behavior is facilitated when basic needs are fulfilled: Need for autonomy Need for competence Need for relatedness 6 6
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Self-tracking devices as a means to influence behavior Goal-setting theory (o.a. Locke et al., 1981; Latham et al., 2011): Goal-directed behavior is better performed when: Goals are specific and challenging Goals are accepted (see ‘autonomy’) Clear feedback regarding progress 7 7
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Supervision by a coach to formulate goals (SDT, goal-setting) and to meet need for relatedness (SDT) 8 8
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Participating company: ‘Museumtechnische werken’ 9 9
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Employees could choose one of 5 domains to be measured (‘big five for healthy life’): Daily physical activity Food and nutrition Sleep Stress Social interaction 10 10
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Measures before, during and afterwards: Quality of Life (SF12) Interviews Diaries/logbooks Self-assessments under supervision of the coach Devices’ data 11 11
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Technical support Coaching: intake + 3 meetings 3-month period 12 12
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Results: 12 participants, 23 – 64 years, 6 males, 6 females 9 physical activity trackers (3 Fitbits, 6 Withings) 1 sleep-tracker (Zeo) 2 stress-trackers (Inner Balance, Emwave2) 13 13
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Fitbit: Zeo: Withings: Emwave2: Inner Balance: 14 14
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Logbooks: Satisfaction: grades from 6 to 9 (max: 10) Mainly positive experiences 15 15
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
SF-12, differences before and afterwards Functional status: V Wellbeing: V Physical health: V Mental health: V General health: ± Groen: significant verschil in positieve richting Oranje: trend in positieve richting Rood: geen verschil 16 16
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Self-asssessments: Physical vitality: V Mental/emotional vitality: ± Social vitality: ± Giving meaning: X Groen: significant verschil in positieve richting Oranje: trend in positieve richting Rood: geen verschil 17 17
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Devices’ data: Based on the physical activity trackers: Baseline compared to rest of the 3-month period: 3 devices too little data 3 devices significant increase of number of steps 3 devices no significant decrease of number of steps 18 18
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Interviews: Satisfaction influenced by: Degree to which device answered to expectations (‘unconscious’, ‘online’ measurement) Clear-cut feedback in relation to goals Userfriendliness 20 20
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Interviews: Effect on health behaviors: More when feedback was perceived as reinforcing When feedback gave clear direction and was strongly related to personal goal Sometimes cross-over effect on other domains (‘when you do one thing, it becomes easier to do another thing as well’) 21 21
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Interviews: Competence concerning health behavior increased: When feedback was perceived as positive, e.g. when goal was accomplished repeatedly When feedback could be interpreted clearly and as such led to heigthened insight 22 22
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Interviews: Personal view on sustainable employability: In general (but not always!) no perceived increase of sustainable employability Perceived positive effects are (in general) limited to specific health domain 23 23
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Coaching valuable: Setting goals Connecting goals to other important goals (autonomy) Social support Additional incentive Very important precondition: PRIVACY 24 24
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Conclusion: ‘self-tracking devices, combined with coaching can help to increase employees’ sustainable employability’ Goal-setting theory and self-determination theory valuable theoretical framework 25 25
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Succesfactors: Devices: Devices are in line with user’s expectations
Feedback strongly related to user’s goal Userfriendliness (functioning, battery, comfort) Coaching (preconditions: privacy and expertise regarding self-tracking devices): Setting goals (specific, challenging, suiting the device) Connecting goals to ‘higher order’ goals Social support Information: Realistic view of (im)possibilities available devices Autonomous choice participation and device Technical support constantly available Additionally: Role of the management: Role models No pressure Guaranteeing privacy 26 26
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Self-tracking devices and sustainable employability
Discussion: No control group (e.g. to control for ‘season-effect’) Disentangling effects of device and coach Not all measures pointed to positive effects Is ‘sustainable employability’ really increased? Longterm effect? (4 participants bought their own device) 27 27
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Thank you! Professorship Labourparticipation
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