1. Hladíková Dita Veithová Monika
AUSTRALIA
Hladíková Dita
Veithová Monika

2. Geographic information
The smallest continent in the world
Located in southern hemisphere
Washed by the Indian ocean in the west, by the Pacific ocean in the east
Main rivers: the Murray river, the Darling river
Main lakes: lake Eyre, lake Gairdner, lake Torrens
National parks: Royal National Park, Kakadu National Park, Willandra National Park

3. Mountains The highest range is the Great Dividing Range (in the east)
Because of it Australia is dry because rain falls can't go over it
The highest range of G. D. R. are the Australian Alps
The highest peak is Mt. Kosciusko (2 229 m; named after the Polish scientist Mr. Kosciusko)

4. Mountains Monolith Ayers rock The highest monolith in the world
Over 300 m high
In their language it is called Uluru
Because of that the colour of deserts is red, orange or brown
The main symbol of Aborigines

5. Deserts
Main: Great Sandy desert, Gibson desert, Great Victoria desert

6. Climate There are a lot of different climate
Very hot and dry because of deserts
In the east: humid, wet
In the north: tropical
In the interior: continental
The rest of the continent: subtropical

7. Population A. was discovered by the Dutch (Abel Tasman, James Cook)
The settlement began at the end of the 18th century
The first inhabitants were British colonists who were mostly convicts
When the first people came to A. they met there Australian aborigines who lived as hunters and they were using boomerangs
The British wanted to have a land They started farming
19 million inhabitants (most of them live in the eastern part of Australia)

8. Animals
The kangaroo: symbol of Australia, there are a lot of kinds of kangaroo, females have pouches in their stomach + they carry their babies there (3 cm long), they can be 2 m high, they can be years old
The koala bear: a tree-climbing mammal; females have pouches, most of the day they sleep, they eat eucalyptus leaves
The platypus: furred egg-lying mammal, it can swim under the water, but it can't breath there
The dingo: looks like a domestic dog, but it can't bark, it can only howl

9. FARMS The first farmers were squatters
They hired workers (they were going from farm to farm, carrying a blanket called Waltzing Matilda)
Farms are very far away from each other
→ These farmers live isolated, they have to communicate by walkie-talkie (children are also taught by it)
These farmers have to travel by planes (doctors are called “flying” doctors)
Farms are called “stations”
Australia is known for breeding sheep (in average each person has 5 sheep)
For hunting they used a bumerang

10. RELIGION Roman Catholic: 25 % Anglican: 17 % Other Christian: 19 %
No religion: 22 %

11. AUSTRALIAN ENGLISH Australia = Oz Football = Footy Barbecue = Barbie
Thank you = Ta
Postman = Postie

12. POLITICAL SYSTEM An independent country consisting of 6 states
Each state has own government and capitol city
→ Capital cities: Brisbane, Sydney, Melbourne, Adelaide, Hobart, Perth
The official name: The Commonwealth of Australia
The capital city is Canberra
Belongs to the British Commonwealth of Nations (with Canada, New Zealand, next states in Africa)
The head is the British monarch
Represented by Governor General (her deputy in all countries)
The leading person is a prime minister

13. AUSTRALIAN FLAG AND ANTHEM
Blue with British Union Jack in the left upper corner
Below Union Jack there is a big white star= Federal star
To the right there are five smaller white stars in the constellation of Southern cross
ANTHEM
“Advance Australian fair“

14. ECONOMY Very rich country Rich in: iron ore, oil, natural gas, coal
Rich in: gold, silver and other precious metals
The greatest producer of wool
The greatest exporter of wheat and mutton meat