1. Physical Properties of Matter
How can you figure out what kind of matter you have?

2. Compounds & Elements
Compounds or Elements are always a single pure substance. Compounds cannot be separated using physical techniques, because it is chemically combined.
ELEMENTS: gold, silver, oxygen, helium
COMPOUNDS: water, carbon dioxide, sodium bicarbonate (baking soda)

3. Physical Properties
ANY PROPERTY OF MATTER THAT CAN BE OBSERVED USING OUR SENSES OR MEASURED WITHOUT CHANGING THE IDENTITY OF THE MATTER.
WHY ARE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES USEFUL?
IT ALLOWS US TO DISTINGUISH ONE SUBSTANCE FROM ANOTHER.

4. Physical Properties of Matter
OBSERVED
Color
Shape
Texture
Odor
Magnetism
State
Hardness
Luster
Opacity

5. Physical Properties of Matter
MEASURED
Mass
Volume
Boiling Point
Melting Point
Density
Solubility
Conductivity

6. Density is a relation of the mass to the volume.
D = M/V

7. Mixtures
Mixtures are always a blend of either compounds or elements. Mixtures are not combined chemically, but held together by physical forces, called intermolecular forces. Because they are a blend, there are ways many mixtures can be separated physically. Some mixtures are more difficult than others.

8. Types of Mixtures
Heterogeneous – Mixtures that are made up of more than one phase, visibly different parts
Suspensions – particles will settle, insoluble
Sand, clay, water mix
Plastic beads with water
Oil & water; mercury & water
Colloids – particles will NOT settle
Milk, jelly, blood, fog, glue
Homogeneous (solutions) – Mixtures that are made up of only one phase, or dissolved, or soluble
EXAMPLE: salt water, air, metal alloys, alcohol with water, vinegar

9. Solubility
SOLUTE = substance being dissolved in solvent

10. Solubility

11. Solubility Solute Solvent Solution
DISSOLVING RATE is affected by temperature, stirring, pressure, and surface area

12. Solubility

13. Solubility When you dissolve a solid it might look like it disappears,
But mass tells you it’s still there.

14. Vary the concentration of solution
Is there a limit to how concentrated you can make the solution?

15. YES, there
is a limit.
Solid is completely dissolved in solution
Solid is precipitated or crystalized out
of solution
ELECTROLYTE: salts which dissolve in water
separating into positive and negative ions