1. BIOCHEMISTRY pp

2. Carbon Bonding Organic Compounds: made primarily of carbon atoms
Carbon is the molecule of life

3. Carbon Bonding (cont) A carbon atoms has 4 e- in the outer most level
So it can form four covalent bonds with other atoms
Carbon Video

4. Carbon Bonding (cont)
Carbon-based molecules have three general types of structures
a. Straight chain
b. Branched chain
c. Ring

5. Large Carbon Molecules
Monomers: smaller, simpler molecules
Polymers: molecule made up of repeating monomers
Draw and LABEL this image on the Left Column

6. Large Carbon Molecules
Monomers: smaller, simpler molecules
Polymers: molecule made up of repeating monomers
Macromolecule: Large polymers
4 main ones found in living organisms
Draw and LABEL this image on the Left Column

7. 1. CARBOHYDRATES Monomer= monosaccharide (simple sugar)
Ex. Glucose, and fructose

8. 1. CARBOHYDRATES Monomer= monosaccharide (simple sugar)
Ex. Glucose, and fructose
Made of C, H, and O and easily recognized by ring structure but no N like in DNA!!

9. 1. CARBOHYDRATES
2 monosaccharides = disaccharide
Disaccharide 

10. 1. CARBOHYDRATES 2 monosaccharides = disaccharide
3 or more monosaccharides = polysaccharide
Ex. Starch and Cellulose
Starch= many glucose monomers

11. 1. Carbohydrates
Function: broken down to provide quick energy for cells
Example: sugars and starches (pastas, breads, candy etc)

12. KNOW THE BASIC PART OF AN AMINO ACID!
2. PROTEINS
Monomer= Amino acids
Made from C, H, O, and N
KNOW THE BASIC PART OF AN AMINO ACID!

13. KNOW THE BASIC PART OF AN AMINO ACID!
2. PROTEINS
Monomer= Amino acids
Made from C, H, O, and N
Same basic structure but differ at functional (R) group
20 amino acids
KNOW THE BASIC PART OF AN AMINO ACID!

15. 2. PROTEINS Peptide bond: holds amino acids together
Polypeptide: formed from long chains of amino acids

16. 2. Proteins (cont) Function
Used to Make: Hair, horns, skin, muscle and enzymes

17. 2. Proteins (cont)
Examples: Found in chicken, meat, tuna, and milk

18. 3. NUCLEIC ACIDS Function: Store and transfer genetic information.
Made up of C, H, O, P, N

19. 3. NUCLEIC ACIDS Function: Store and transfer genetic information.
Made up of C, H, O, P, N
Monomer = nucleotide
Nucleotides: 3 basic parts
Phosphate group
a sugar
Nitrogenous base

20. There are four nucleotides A, C, G, T in DNA

21. 3. NUCLEIC ACIDS
Examples: DNA and RNA

22. 4. Lipids Monomer: Fatty Acids Made up of C, H, O Long and non polar
Hydrophobic: does not dissolve in water

23. 4. Lipids Function: Store Energy Make up cell membranes (phospholipid)
Used to make hormones (steroids) and waxes

24. 4. Lipids
Function:
Store Energy
Make up cell membranes (phospholipid)
Used to make hormones (steroids) and waxes
Example Foods: Fats and oils (butter, cheese, cake etc.)