1. The Transformation of Eastern Europe
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2. Some of the back-story... A brief chronology...
1050 – 1300 = economic expansion
1300 – 1500 = econ. pop. , serfdom
1500 – 1650 = rise of estate culture…

3. East-West Comparison Economy… Living Patterns… Political Authority…
Global Influence…
Infrastructure…
Culturally…
Religion…

4. One Ageing Empire – The Holy Roman Empire
Neither Holy, Roman, nor an Empire…
Spanish Habsburgs on the decline…Austrian Hapsburgs on their own…
No infrastructure / institutions representative of a contemporary government…

5. A Second Ageing Empire – The Republic of Poland
The beginning of the end – The Deluge…
The Last Hurrah?... the Reign of Jan Sobieski…
Infrastructure aids in collapse of “The Commonwealth”…

6. A Third Ageing Empire – The Ottoman Empire
Janissaries enable empire to grow…
Millets allow empire to remain “peaceful”…
Disinterest in politics leads empire disintegrate…

7. One “Newborn” Empire – The Austrian Monarchy
Leopold I -
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Joseph I -
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Charles VI -
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Maria Theresa -
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8. A Second “Newborn” Empire – Prussia
Frederick William – “The Great Elector”
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Frederick I –
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Frederick William I – ( )…
Frederick II -
“The Great”
(1740 – 1786)…

9. A Third “Newborn” Empire – Russia
Alexei I -
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Feodor III –
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Peter the Great –
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10. The End