1. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM!!

2. Oral Cavity to Stomach
Intestine Time
Accessory Organs
Digestive
Disorders
Enzymes &
Hormones 10 20 30 40 50

3. Question
Deep folds of the inner lining of the stomach that allow it to stretch are called what?

4. Answer 1 – 10
Rugae

5. Question 1 - 20 The food that is partially digested in the
stomach is known as what?

6. Answer 1 – 20
Chyme
(not chime)

7. Question
What are the three main portions of the stomach? (cardiac region considered #4)

8. Answer 1 – 30
Fundus
Body
Pylorus

9. Question
What is the layer of the gastrointestinal tract that is responsible for the actions of segmentation and peristalsis?

10. Answer 1 – 40 Muscularis externa
- There are 3 layers of muscle in the stomach for mechanical digestion/ “churning” the foodstuffs

11. Question 1 - 50 Where in the stomach does the most
digestive activity occur?

12. Answer 1 – 50
PYLORUS

13. Question
What is the portion of the digestive system most responsible for absorption of water from the indigestible residue of food?

14. Answer 2 – 10 Large intestine
(MAJORITY OF WATER absorbed in small intestine)

15. Question 2 - 20 Elimination of indigestible material
from the body as feces is called what?

16. Answer 2 – 20
DefEcation!

17. Question
What are three modifications of the mucosa and submucosa of the small intestine?

18. Answer 2 – 30
Villi
Microvilli
Circular folds (plicae circulares)

19. Question
What are the three sections of the small intestine?

20. Answer 2 – 40
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum

21. Question
What are the pouches that give the large intestine its “puckered” appearance?

22. Answer 2 – 50
Haustra
(TENIA COLI = flat bands of L.I.)

23. Question
Name at least four accessory organs of the digestive system.

24. Answer 3 – 10
Liver
Pancreas
Gallbladder
Teeth/ Tongue
Salivary glands

25. Question
Pancreatic juice is a mixture of digestive enzymes that is released into what?

26. Answer 3 – 20
Pancreatic duct 
Duodenum (of Small Intestine)

27. Question
What is the structure in the digestive system that stores bile?

28. Answer 3 – 30
Gallbladder

29. Question
Only one organ produces enzymes capable of digestive all 4 major organic molecule groups.
What organ is this? And what are the 4 groups?

30. Answer 3 – 40
Pancreas
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic acids

31. Question
Pancreatic juice contains many enzymes as well as what chemical compound which gives pancreatic juice a slightly basic pH (and inactivates pepsin from the stomach)?

32. Answer 3 – 50
Sodium bicarbonate
NaHCO3

33. Question
What are the craterlike lesions that form in the mucosa when it is exposed to acidic juices?

34. Answer 4 – 10
Ulcer
(peptic ulcer = in stomach)

35. Question
What is a protrusion of all or part of an organ through a membrane called?

36. Answer 4 – 20
hernia

37. Question
What condition is a type of irritable bowel disease that usually affects only the mucosa of the large intestine and rectum?

38. Answer 4 – 30
Ulcerative colitis

39. Question
What is an inflammation of the digestive tract that may extend from the mucosa to the serosa , anywhere from the oral cavity through the end of the intestines?

40. Answer 4 – 40
Crohn’s disease

41. Question
FULLY explain what happens in the condition “GERD”.

42. Answer 4 – 50 Same as Heartburn
(GERD = Gastroesophageal reflux disease )
Acidic gastric juices move from stomach into the esophagus through a leaky cardioesophageal valve.

43. Question
Name the enzyme that begins digestion of starches.

44. Answer 5 – 10
Salivary amylase

45. Question
What hormone stimulates the secretion of gastric juice?

46. Answer 5 – 20
Gastrin

47. Question
What is one example of an enzyme in pancreatic juice that digests proteins?

48. Answer 5 – 30
Trypsin
Chymotrypsin
Elastase
carboxypeptidase

49. Question
What two hormones work to maintain homeostasis through the stimulation of the secretion of pancreatic juice and secretion of bile?

50. Answer 5 – 40
Secretin
Cholecystokinin

51. Question
The cells of which organs serve as the control center as well as the effectors for two major hormones in maintaining digestive homeostasis?

52. Answer 5 – 50
Pancreas
Liver / Gallbladder