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Published bySuzan Reynolds Modified over 6 years ago
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Enlightenment a period in which people changed their outlook on life by seeing reason as the key to human progress
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Constitutional Monarchy
a form of government in which the monarch's (king) power is limited by a basic set of laws
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Social Contract citizens give up some freedom and in exchange the government protects citizens' right to life, liberty, and property.
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Natural Rights rights that belong to the people "by nature," simply because they are human beings
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Separation of Powers the division of powers among branches of government that limits power from any one person
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Absolute Monarchy a king or queen who rules over an entire nation with absolute power
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Absolutism complete and unrestricted government power, usually in the hands of one person
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Divine Right of Kings meant that Kings derived their authority from God and could not be held accountable for their actions.
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Consent of the Governed / Popular Sovereignty
The power of the government comes from the people; if a government failed, then citizens have the right to revolt.
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Hobbes Believed that human beings were naturally cruel, selfish, and greedy, and needed a government that had absolute authority
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John Locke Blank slate theory, natural rights and the idea that man has the right to overthrow a ruler who does not protect those rights
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Montesquieu Believed that the only way to prevent one person having too much power in government was to divide the powers between 3 branches of government so they can check and balance each other
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Rousseau Believed that humans are naturally good, that there is a social contract between the government and the people, and that education should be given through learning experience.
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Voltaire Believed in people's right of freedom of speech and advocated religious tolerance, or people's right to practice religion in their own ways.
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