1. 8-1
Photosynthesis

2. Heterotrophs and Autotrophs
Autotroph= organisms like plants, that can make their own food.
Heterotroph=animals that cannot use the sun’s energy directly, they obtain energy from the food they eat.

3. ATP Adenosine triphosphate
The characteristics of ATP make it exceptionally useful as the basic energy source of all cells

4. Triphosphate means 3 phosphate groups, this is like a full battery.
When your cells break the bond between the phosphates energy is released and it leaves ADP = adenosine diphosphate = 2 phosphates
ADP is like a used battery
Your cells can “recharge” ADP by adding a phosphate and making ATP.

6. Photosynthesis
8-2
Plants use the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into high-energy carbohydrates and oxygen as a waste product
High energy carbohydrates = sugars and starches, mainly Glucose

7. The Photosynthesis equation
6CO2 + 6H2O + light C6H12O6 +6O2
(Reactants) (Products)
Carbon dioxide + water + light is converted into glucose + oxygen

8. Where does Photosynthesis take place?
Chloroplasts

9. Light and Pigments
In addition to water and carbon dioxide, photosynthesis requires light and chlorophyll, a molecule in chloroplasts
Pigments = light-absorbing molecules found in plants that gather the sun’s energy
Chlorophyll = plants main pigment that absorbs light, “energy”

10. Factors affecting Photosynthesis
Water – plants need water so if there is none photosynthesis will slow or stop
Temperature – it depends on enzymes which work best between 0°c and 35°c
Intensity of light – increase the intensity of light and the rate of photosynthesis will increase