1. 619 Final Review
Last updated Spring 2010
© : Paul Ammann

2. Agenda Review Topics Covered Highlight Key Technical Concepts
Identify Areas for Study on Final
Final May Test Several Concepts in a Given Question
Goal:
Strong Showing on Final

3. Procedural Abstractions
Specifications
Preconditions (Requires Clause)
Postconditions (Effects Clause)
Modifies Clause
You Can Read and Write Such Specifications
Issues:
Minimality
Underdetermined Behavior
Deterministic Implementations
Generality

4. Exceptions Rationale for Exceptions
Total vs. Partial Specifications
Replacing Preconditions with Defined Behavior
Role of “FailureException”
Specifications Include Exception Returns
Checked vs. Unchecked Exceptions
Bloch’s List of Standard Exceptions
Masking vs. Reflection

5. Data Abstraction Fundamental Topic Specifications for:
Expect Significant Exam Coverage
Specifications for:
Overview (Typical “Object”)
Abstraction Function (toString())
Representation Invariant (repOk())
Methods
You Can Expect to Write/Modify Some or All of These
Understanding, not Formality, is the Focus

6. More Data Abstraction IntSet and Poly Examples
Mutability
Reasoning about Data Abstractions
Role of Abstraction Function
Value of Abstraction Function in Specific Examples
Role of Representation Invariant
Value of Representation Invariant in Specific Examples
How to Argue a that Method Meets its Contract
Other Issues
Exposing the Rep
Adequacy

7. Iteration Abstraction
Specifying Iterators
Preconditions and Postconditions
Constraints on Modifications While Generator is in Use
Implementing Iterators in Java
Abstraction Functions for Iterators
Value of Abstraction Function in Specific Examples
Abstraction Function For Extensions
Allowing a prev() as well as a next() method
Allowing a remove() method

8. Type Hierarchy Fundamental Topic Uses of Type Hierarchy Mechanisms
Substitution Principle
Uses of Type Hierarchy
Extending Behavior vs. Multiple Implementations
Mechanisms
Extensions, Abstract Classes, Interfaces
Understanding Overriding vs. Overloading
Dynamic Dispatching
Apparent Type vs. Actual Type

9. Type Hierarchy Reasoning About Subtypes Signature Rule Methods Rule
Rules for Exceptions
Methods Rule
Preconditions/Postconditions
More Rules for Exceptions
Properties Rule

10. Generics Replacing raw types with generics
Eliminating unchecked warnings
Generic interactions with Lists vs. Arrays
Covariant Arrays vs. Invariant Generics
Generifying types and methods
Bounded wildcards
Relaxing the invariance of generics

11. Polymorphic Abstraction
Element Subtype vs. Related Subtype
Comparable vs Comparator
Addable vs. Adder
Be Prepared to Analyze and/or Complete an Implementation

12. Concurrency Simple Thread Interactions Shared Access to Mutable Data
Synchronized Methods
Possible Executions in the Absence of Synchronization
Roles for wait() and notify()

13. Specification Checking
Specifications for Common Properties
Temporal Logic for Specification
Computational Tree Logic (CTL)
Linear Temporal Logic (LTL)
Simple Specification Patterns
KSU material
Huth and Ryan is also a excellent source

14. Methods Common to All Objects
equals()
Transitivity, Symmetry, Substitution for Subtypes
hashcode()
Consistency with equals()
toString()
clone()
Why is Liskov’s clone() (page 97) wrong?
Comparable

15. Classes and Interfaces
Immutability
Why it is Preferable
How to Achieve
Composition vs. Inheritance
Why is Composition Preferable?
Potential Problems for Inheritance
Mechanisms to Prohibit Inheritance

16. Specifications Specificand Sets Generality vs. Restrictiveness
Redundancy
Definitions
Examples
Relevance to Type Abstraction Methods Rule

17. Design Patterns Introduction to Design Patterns
Characterization of Patterns
Name
Problem
Solution
Consequences
Example Patterns
Factory, Singleton, Bridge, Decorator, Command, Iterator, State, Template

18. Secure Programming Introduction to Secure Implementation
What is software NOT supposed to do?
Bugs
Misuse Cases
Vulnerabilities/Exploits
You need to think about the bad guy!
Most vulnerabilities are simple mistakes
YOUR software can be better

19. Special Topics Junit How to extract basic tests from a contract
What is Junit
How to use Junit
How to write tests in JUnit
How to extract basic tests from a contract
Cover each exceptional condition
Cover “normal” behavior
May require several tests

20. Wrap Up Open Book (May decide against…)
Open Slides (paper, not electronic)
Closed Notes (May have one index card)
Questions?