1. Direct & Indirect Speech
Grammar
Direct & Indirect Speech
By: -
Nityanandesh Narayan Tripathi (PGT English)
Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Baghmara

2. Conversation This face to face talk is called conversation.
Here two people are talking to each other. Head of the office, Mr. Suresh is assigning some work to his subordinate, Mr. Praveen.
Yes Sir, I will do my level best to do it.
Mr. Praveen you have to complete this work by tomorrow.
This face to face talk is called conversation.

3. Narration
In the next situation another employee of the same office, who listened the talk, is telling that conversation to his friend.
Today in our office Mr. Suresh, the Boss, instructed Mr. Praveen to complete a work by next day.
Yea! I know that. Then Mr. Praveen said to him, “I will do my level best to do it.”
(1)
(2)
This retelling of the conversation is called Narration.

4. Speech
In the Narration slide you must have observed two types of sentences used by those two people. One without inverted commas (1) and another with inverted commas (2)
Today in our office Mr. Suresh, the Boss, instructed Mr. Praveen to complete a work by next day.
Yea! I know that. Then Mr. Praveen said to him, “I will do my level best to do it.”
These sentences are called speeches.

5. Types of Speech
Direct Speech: - When a sentence is written or spoken with inverted commas.
(statement with the original format of the speaker is used.)
Indirect Speech: - When a sentence is written or spoken without inverted commas.
(Modified statement with the modified format of the speaker is used.)

6. Conversions Direct Speech: - Reported Sentence Reporting Sentence
Mr. Suresh said to Mr. Praveen, “ Today You are going to Delhi. ”
Changes: -
(2) Punctuation Marks
(3) Adjective of Time or Place
(1) Reporting Verb
(5) Auxiliary Verb and Main Verb
(4)
Pronoun
Indirect
Speech: -
Mr. Suresh told Mr. Praveen that he was going to Delhi that day.

7. Conversion (1) Now we will take on these conversion rules one by one.
(1) Reporting Verb: -
Sentence Type
Direct Speech Verb
Indirect Speech Verb
Affirmative
Said
Said To
Told
Interrogative
Said, Said To
Asked, Inquired
Exclamatory
Exclaimed, Wondered, Surprised
Imperative
Commanded, Directed, Requested, Suggested

8. Conversion (2) (2) Punctuation Mark: - Sentence Type
Direct Speech Punctuation
Indirect Speech
Affirmative
,” “
That
Interrogative
If, How, Wh_words (like what, why, which, etc.)
Exclamatory
Imperative To

9. Conversion (3) (3) Reported Verb: - Direct Speech Verb
Note: - If Reporting Verb is in Present or Future Tense then Tense of Reported Verb is not modified.
Direct Speech Verb
Indirect Speech Verb
Is, am
Was
Are
Were
Has, Have
Had
Do, Does
Did
Had been
Will, Shall
Would, Should

10. Conversion (4) (2) Reported Adjective of Time and Place: -
Sentence Type
Direct Speech Adjective
Indirect Speech Adjective
Time
Now
Then
Yesterday
Previous Day
Today
That Day
Tomorrow
Next Day
Place
Here
There
This
That
These
Those

11. Conversion (5) (2) Reported Pronoun -
It depends upon the meaning of the Sentence or Speech

12. Uses of Direct Speech In writing the play.
Direct Speech is used in following Conditions: -
In writing the play.
To emphasize the saying of others.
In novels and stories.

13. Uses of Indirect Speech
Indirect Speech is used in following Conditions: -
In general writing like letter
In Speech.
In general conversation

14. Examples Direct Speech Indirect Speech 1 2 3
Man said to horse," Please drink the milk.” 2
Dear friends today I observed following talks and I want to share them with you:
Man requested horse to drink the milk
Rajesh told me that he would exercise that day.
Mira asked the doctor how to keep the cat healthy.
Rajesh said to me," Today I will do exercise.” 3
Mira said to doctor," how to keep the cat healthy.”

15. Let us do some Exercise!! - 1
See the pictures and write indirect sentences based on the given conversation.
I am playing traditional game
You don’t know how to play this game
I am good girl so I have given you the ice-cream
OK, then tell me about it.
Thank you.
Twinkle and Raj
Malini
Rahul and Rina

16. Thanks
Meet You Again