1. Alligator pepper/Grain of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta) modulates Angiotensin-I converting enzyme activity, lipid profile and oxidative imbalances in a rat model of hypercholesterolemia 
Stephen A. Adefegha, Ganiyu Oboh, Omowunmi M. Adefegha, Thomas Henle 
Pathophysiology 
Volume 23, Issue 3, Pages (September 2016)
DOI: /j.pathophys
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Chromatogram showing the UPLC-PDA analysis of amino acids in aqueous extracts of Alligator pepper at 254nm.
Pathophysiology  , DOI: ( /j.pathophys )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Effect of diets supplemented with APS on triglyceride level in hypercholesterolemic rats.
Values represent mean±standard deviation (n=6).
*Values are not significantly (P>0.05) different from normal control group.
#Values are significantly (P<0.05) different from normal control group.
##Values are significantly (P<0.05) different from hypercholesterolemic control group.
$Values are significantly (P<0.05) different from normal and hypercholesterolemic control groups.
Keys
NC—normal rat group, fed with basal diet.
HC—rat group fed with basal diet plus 2% cholesterol alone (hypercholesterolemic control rats).
HC+STA—hypercholesterolemic rat group that received oral administration of 0.2mg/kg body weight of simvastatin (a known hypocholesterolemic drug).
HC+2% APS—rat group fed diet supplemented with 2% Alligator pepper seeds plus 2% cholesterol.
HC+4% APS—rat group fed diet supplemented with 4% Alligator pepper seeds plus 2% cholesterol.
Pathophysiology  , DOI: ( /j.pathophys )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

4. Fig. 3
Effect of diets supplemented with Alligator pepper on total cholesterol level in hypercholesterolemic rats.
Values represent mean±standard deviation (n=6).
#Values are significantly (P<0.05) different from normal control group.
##Values are significantly (P<0.05) different from hypercholesterolemic control group.
$Values are significantly (P<0.05) different from normal and hypercholesterolemic control groups.
Keys
NC—normal rat group, fed with basal diet.
HC—rat group fed with basal diet plus 2% cholesterol alone (hypercholesterolemic control rats).
HC+STA—hypercholesterolemic rat group that received oral administration of 0.2mg/kg body weight of simvastatin (a known hypocholesterolemic drug).
HC+2% APS—rat group fed diet supplemented with 2% Alligator pepper seeds plus 2% cholesterol.
HC+4% APS—rat group fed diet supplemented with 4% Alligator pepper seeds plus 2% cholesterol.
Pathophysiology  , DOI: ( /j.pathophys )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

5. Fig. 4
Effect of diets supplemented with Alligator pepper on LDL-cholesterol level in hypercholesterolemic rats.
Values represent mean±standard deviation (n=6).
*Values are not significantly (P>0.05) different from normal control group.
#Values are significantly (P<0.05) different from normal control group.
##Values are significantly (P<0.05) different from hypercholesterolemic control group.
$Values are significantly (P<0.05) different from normal and hypercholesterolemic control groups.
Keys
NC—normal rat group, fed with basal diet.
HC—rat group fed with basal diet plus 2% cholesterol alone (hypercholesterolemic control rats).
HC+STA—hypercholesterolemic rat group that received oral administration of 0.2mg/kg body weight of simvastatin (a known hypocholesterolemic drug).
HC+2% APS—rat group fed diet supplemented with 2% Alligator pepper seeds plus 2% cholesterol.
HC+4% APS—rat group fed diet supplemented with 4% Alligator pepper seeds plus 2% cholesterol.
Pathophysiology  , DOI: ( /j.pathophys )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

6. Fig. 5
Effect of diets supplemented with Alligator pepper on HDL-cholesterol level in hypercholesterolemic rats.
Values represent mean±standard deviation (n=6).
*Values are not significantly (P>0.05) different from hypercholesterolemic control group.
#Values are significantly (P<0.05) different from normal control group.
##Values are significantly (P<0.05) different from hypercholesterolemic control group.
$Values are significantly (P<0.05) different from normal and hypercholesterolemic control groups.
Keys
NC—normal rat group, fed with basal diet.
HC—rat group fed with basal diet plus 2% cholesterol alone (hypercholesterolemic control rats).
HC+STA—hypercholesterolemic rat group that received oral administration of 0.2mg/kg body weight of simvastatin (a known hypocholesterolemic drug).
HC+2% APS—rat group fed diet supplemented with 2% Alligator pepper seeds plus 2% cholesterol.
HC+4% APS—rat group fed diet supplemented with 4% Alligator pepper seeds plus 2% cholesterol.
Pathophysiology  , DOI: ( /j.pathophys )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

7. Fig. 6
Chemical structures of some amino acid constituents present in free and bound forms of Alligator pepper that may synergistically and additively act with other antioxidant phytochemicals to elicit the salutary effect.
Pathophysiology  , DOI: ( /j.pathophys )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions