1. Genetics continued!!!
Yayyyyyyyyyyyy!!!

3. Chromosomes and Phenotypes
What are autosomes?

4. Autosomal Gene expression
Different combinations lead to all the phenotypes that we see in the world today
What are phenotypes?

5. Autosomes!!!
All the other chromosomes that do not play a direct role in determining gender
Hair color and texture, skin tone, widows peak, hitchhikers thumb, cystic fibrosis, etc.

6. What is cystic fibrosis?
A build-up of mucus in the lungs, digestive tract and other places in the body.
How do you get cystic fibrosis?
You must be homozygous recessive for the gene

8. Other diseases like this
Colorblindness
Hemophilia
Sickle-cell anemia

11. Sex chromosomes
The chromosomes that determine gender

13. Sex linked genes Genes actually located on sex chromosomes
In males: all alleles on sex linked genes are expressed
In females: One of the chromosomes is “turned off” by x-chromosome inactivation

15. Complex patterns of inheritance
Incomplete dominance
Heterozygotes are expressed as a mixture

16. Complex Patterns...
Codominance
Both traits expressed

17. Blood Types!!! Considered a multiple allele trait Traits come from 3
different alleles in the
population

18. Polygenic traits Traits produced by 2 or more genes
Skin and eye color are some examples pertaining to humans
Eye colors are not completely mapped
There may be undiscovered genes for eye color

19. Epistatic genes Trump all other genes if it is expressed
Albinism is the most common phenotype if it is expressed

21. Environment also has an effect!!!
Temperature during egg incubation
Sea turtles
warmer leads to females, cooler leads to males
Diet, living conditions, enclosure size, etc.