1. VEGF-B Improves Metabolic Health through Vascular Pruning of Fat
Shahin Rafii, Peter Carmeliet 
Cell Metabolism 
Volume 23, Issue 4, Pages (April 2016)
DOI: /j.cmet
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
VEGF-B, via Activation of VEGF-A/VEGFR2 Pathway, Improves Metabolic Health
Left panel: endothelial cells (ECs) express VEGFR1 (binding VEGF-A and VEGF-B) and VEGFR2 (binding VEGF-A). In low VEGFR2 signaling conditions, an imbalance between angiogenesis and adipose tissue growth causes hypoxia and inflammation, which contribute to insulin resistance and impair glucose tolerance. Right panel: when extra VEGF-B is available (upon gene transfer), VEGF-B displaces VEGF-A from VEGFR1, which can now activate VEGFR2 signaling, leading to enhanced angiogenesis and oxygenation and reduced inflammation, indirectly contributing to improved glucose tolerance and insulin resistance.
Cell Metabolism  , DOI: ( /j.cmet )
Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions