2. ORGANISATIONAL CHANGE

3. INTRODUCTION

4. FORCES FOR CHANGE Nature of workforce Technology Economic shocks
Competition
Social trends
World politics

5. PLANNED CHANGE

6. Planned Change: Change activities that are intentional and goal oriented.
Change agents: Persons who act as catalysts and assume the responsibility for managing change activities.

7. RESISTANCE TO CHANGE

8. SOURCES OF RESISTANCE TO CHANGE
Individual sources
Organizational sources

9. INDIVIDUAL SOURCES Habit Security Economic factors Fear of unknown
Selective information processing

10. ORGANISATIONAL SOURCES
Structural inertia
Limited focus of change
Group inertia
Threat to established resource allocations
Threat to established power relationships
Threat to expertise

11. OVERCOMING RESISTANCE TO CHANGE

12. Education and communication
Participation
Building support and commitment
Implementing changes fairly
Manipulation and cooptation
Selecting people who accept change
Coercion

13. LEWIN’S THREE-STEP MODEL
Unfreezing- Changing to overcome the reassure of both individual resistance and group conformity.
Movement – A change process that transforms the organization from the status quo to a desired end state.
Refreezing – Stabilizing a change intervention by balancing driving and restraining forces.

14. ACTION RESEARCH
A change process based on systematic collection of data and then selection of a change action based on what the analyzed data indicate.

15. STEPS
Diagnosis
Analysis
Feedback
Action
Evaluation

16. ORGANISATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Respect for people
Trust and support
Power equalization
Confrontation
Participation

17. O.D. TECHNIQUES Sensitivity Training Survey Feedback
Process Consultation
Team Building
Intergroup Development
Appreciative Inquiry

18. CONTEMPORARY ISSUES
Learning Organization
Managing Change

19. LEARNING ORGANISATION
Single-loop Learning
Double-loop Learning

20. MANAGING LEARNING Establish a strategy
Redesign the organization's structure
Reshape the organization's culture

21. MANAGING CHANGE : “ IT’S CULTURE BOUND”
Do people believe change is possible?
If it is possible then how long it takes bring it about?
If resistance to change greater in some culture than in other?
Does culture influence how change will be implemented?

22. CONCLUSION

23. THANK YOU