1. Physics 1 Revision Lesson 5 Properties of waves and the Electromagnetic spectrum

2. General Properties of waves

3. Transverse waves Longitudinal waves coils vibrate source moves
up and down
direction of wave
coils vibrate
Longitudinal waves
direction of wave

4. A peak is the tip of the wave, a trough is the bottom of a wave

5. The wavelength of any wave is the distance between two matching points on neighbouring waves.

6. Amplitude is the height of the wave, the greater the amplitude, the greater the energy

7. The frequency is the number of waves passing any point each second.
frequency = number of waves past a point / time
frequency is measured in hertz (Hz)

8. You can calculate the speed of a wave using the formula
Speed = frequency (Hz) x Wavelength ()
A wave traveling in water has a frequency of 500 Hz and a wavelength of 3 m. What is the speed of the wave?

9. Electromagnetic Spectrum

10. higher frequency and energy
The waves in the electromagnetic spectrum are transverse waves
The have different wavelengths. And frequencies.
The higher the frequency (and smaller the wavelength) the more energy the wave carries and the more dangerous it can be
They travel at the same speed through a vacuum
X-rays
ultraviolet
visible light
infrared
microwaves
radio waves
smaller wavelength
higher frequency and energy

11. The electromagnetic waves can be used in communication
Frequency
Wave
Uses
Wavelength
Lowest
Radio waves
Television and radio transmission
Longest
Microwaves
Mobile phones
Infra red
Optical fibre communication
Visible light
Photography
Ultraviolet
Detecting forged banknotes and tanning
X-rays
Medical images of bones
Highest
Gamma rays
Killing cancer cells
Shortest

12. Reflection, Refraction and Dispersion

13. All waves will reflect off different surfaces.
This means that instead of just passing into another medium, the waves bounce back.
The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

14. Refraction occurs when a wave travels through a different medium of a different density
The wave changes direction and speed due to the higher density of the medium

15. Diffraction is when a set of straight (or 'plane') waves passes through a gap in a barrier. Curved waves come out the other side
Diffraction produces a greater curved wave when the wave length is of a similar size to the gap

16. Key words and statements

17. Properties of waves and EM spectrum
Transverse waves
The number of waves per second
Longitudinal waves
A wave in which the particles move up and down at 90º to the direction of the wave movement
Wavelength
The height of the wave
Amplitude
The distance from one peak to the next peak or from one trough to the next trough
Frequency
The units for frequency
Wave speed
A wave in which the particles move backwards and forwards in the same direction as the wave movement
Hertz
A range of waves which all share the same properties but differ in wavelength and frequency
Electromagnetic spectrum
= frequency x wavelength

18. Properties of waves and EM spectrum
Transverse waves
The number of waves per second
Longitudinal waves
A wave in which the particles move up and down at 90º to the direction of the wave movement
Wavelength
The height of the wave
Amplitude
The distance from one peak to the next peak or from one trough to the next trough
Frequency
The units for frequency
Wave speed
A wave in which the particles move backwards and forwards in the same direction as the wave movement
Hertz
A range of waves which all share the same properties but differ in wavelength and frequency
Electromagnetic spectrum
= frequency x wavelength

19. Properties of waves and EM spectrum
In the electromagnetic spectrum, as the frequency increases…
Communication
Electromagnetic waves can be used for…
passes through a gap in a barrier. Curved waves come out the other side.
The rule of reflection is…
The light is now travelling through a denser substance and therefore it changes direction and slows down. This is called refraction
Light bends as it goes through a block because…
The amount of energy increases
All electromagnetic waves are…
Wavelength decreases
Diffraction is when a set of straight (or 'plane') waves…
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection
Diffraction produces a greater curved wave…
Transverse waves
As frequency increases…
when the wave length is of a similar size to the gap

20. Properties of waves and EM spectrum
In the electromagnetic spectrum, as the frequency increases…
Communication
Electromagnetic waves can be used for…
passes through a gap in a barrier. Curved waves come out the other side.
The rule of reflection is…
The light is now travelling through a denser substance and therefore it changes direction and slows down. This is called refraction
Light bends as it goes through a block because…
The amount of energy increases
All electromagnetic waves are…
Wavelength decreases
Diffraction is when a set of straight (or 'plane') waves…
The angle of incidence always equals the angle of reflection
Diffraction produces a greater curved wave…
Transverse waves
As frequency increases…
when the wave length is of a similar size to the gap