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Volume 89, Issue 1, Pages (January 2016)

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1 Volume 89, Issue 1, Pages 63-69 (January 2016)
White-Matter Tract Connecting Anterior Insula to Nucleus Accumbens Correlates with Reduced Preference for Positively Skewed Gambles  Josiah K. Leong, Franco Pestilli, Charlene C. Wu, Gregory R. Samanez-Larkin, Brian Knutson  Neuron  Volume 89, Issue 1, Pages (January 2016) DOI: /j.neuron Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

2 Figure 1 Trajectory and Validation of White-Matter Tracts
(A) Anatomy. White-matter tracts identified in a representative right hemisphere dataset. (B) Statistical validation. Strength of evidence for the tracts in each individual brain (circles), with group median and interquartile-range boxplot (Supplemental Information). (C) White-matter coherence along tract length. FA profiles for each tract, depicting mean FA and SE across individual brains (vertical bars delineate the middle 50% of nodes included in analyses in D). (D) Associations of age with tract coherence replicated and extended previous findings (Supplemental Information). Neuron  , 63-69DOI: ( /j.neuron ) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

3 Figure 2 fMRI Activity Time Courses during Gambling Task
(A) Spherical volumes of interest (VOIs) used to obtain activity time course data. (B) Mean activity and SEs plotted for each right hemisphere VOI by gamble condition. Positively skewed gambles elicited greater NAcc activity than symmetric and negatively skewed gambles during gamble choice (positive skew > symmetric: paired t(31) = 2.17, p = 0.04; positive skew > negative skew: paired t(31) = 2.80, p = 0.01). (C) Right NAcc and MPFC activity were greater for accepted than rejected gambles across conditions (NAcc: paired t(31) = 4.27, p = ; MPFC: paired t(31) = 4.06, p = ). Left-hemisphere VOIs showed similar results (Figure S3). Neuron  , 63-69DOI: ( /j.neuron ) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

4 Figure 3 NAcc Functional Activity Mediated the Association between AIns-NAcc Tract Coherence and Positive-Skew Preference AIns-NAcc tract coherence is associated with reduced NAcc activity during presentation of positively skewed gambles (β = −0.35, p = 0.03), and NAcc activity was associated with positive-skew preference (β = 0.46, p = 0.003). This indirect pathway mediated the association of tract coherence with positive-skew preference (β’ = −0.24, p = 0.14; β = −0.40, p = 0.02). Path coefficients are standardized βs. No alternative combination of tract coherence and functional activity could reproduce this pattern of associations (Table S4). Neuron  , 63-69DOI: ( /j.neuron ) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

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