1. An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere
Chapter 52
An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

2. You Must Know The role of abiotic factors in the formation of biomes.
Features of freshwater and marine biomes.
Major terrestrial biomes and their characteristics.

3. Ecology: the scientific study of the interactions between organisms and the environment
The ecological study of species involves biotic and abiotic influences.
Biotic = ______________ (organisms – behaviors & interactions between organisms)
Abiotic = _____________ (temp, water, salinity, sunlight, soil)

4. Heirarchy Organisms: individual living things
Population: group of individuals of _________ __________living in a particular geographic area
Community: group of populations of ___________ ________ in an area
Ecosystem: community of ______________ (biotic) + physical factors/environment (__________)
Landscape: mosaic of connected ecosystems
____________________: global ecosystem

6. __________________: long-term prevailing weather conditions in a particular area
Climate = ______________ + ____________ + sunlight + wind
Macroclimate vs. microclimate:
Macro: work at seasonal, ________________ or local level
Micro: small-scale environmental variation (eg. under a log)
Climate change: some species may not survive shifting ranges

7. Global Climate Patterns: _____________________________________

8. Global Climate Patterns: Air Circulation & ___________________ Patterns

9. Global Climate Patterns: ________________________________

10. Global Climate Patterns: ______________________________________

11. ___________: major types of ecosystems that occupy very broad geographic regions

12. ___________ and _________________ determine biomes
Figure 34.7C
Figure 34.12
Figure 34.12

13. ______________________: plot of temperature & precipitation in a particular region

14. _______________________: geographic distribution of species
Factors:
Dispersal – movement ___________ from area of origin
Behavior – _______________ selection
___________ factors – other species, food resources, competition, pollinators, predators
___________ factors – temp, water, oxygen, salinity, sunlight, rocks & soil

15. Tropical Forest

16. Desert

17. Savanna

18. Chaparral

19. Temperate Grassland

20. Northern Coniferous Forest

21. Temperate Broadleaf Forest

22. Tundra

23. Lakes

24. Wetlands

25. Streams & Rivers

26. Estuaries

27. Intertidal Zones

28. Oceanic Pelagic Zone
(Open Water)

29. Coral Reefs

30. Marine Benthic Zone