1. Freshwater Ocean Wetlands/Estuaries
Aquatic Biomes
biome trailer
Freshwater
Ocean
Wetlands/Estuaries

2. Determined by 3 factors Amount of sunlight Amount of salt (salinity)
Amount of dissolved oxygen

3. Freshwater Biome Rivers, Lakes, Streams, Ponds
Crabtree Creek
Rivers, Lakes, Streams, Ponds
Little if any salt (very low salinity)
Neuse River
Richland Creek

4. Marine: Oceans and Seas
97% of water on earth is contained in the ocean.
One world ocean

5. Seas Smaller than oceans and are mostly surrounded by land.
Ex. Mediterranean Sea

6. Estuary
Where the freshwater of the river meets the saltwater of the ocean. Act as filters.
Tar River
The largest North Carolina estuary is Pamlico Sound. Water drains into this system from eastern North Carolina and southeastern Virginia, from the Chowan, Roanoke, Pasquotank, Pamlico, and Neuse Rivers, from marshes, swamps, forests, and grasslands.
Neuse River
Atlantic beach

7. Origin and Composition of Ocean Water

8. FYI…Where did it come from?
A. ~ 4 billion years ago, water vapor given off by volcanoes began to accumulate in the Earth’s atmosphere causing precipitation.
B. Basins- low areas where water collected over millions of years.

9. Where do the elements come from?
Groundwater dissolves elements like calcium from rocks and rivers carry minerals to the oceans.
Volcanoes can release elements when they erupt.

10. The 2 most abundant dissolved elements
Are sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl): together forms the salt halite.
90% of salt in seawater is made of dissolved Na+ and Cl-  NaCl
10% of other like CaCl3, MgCl2

11. For every 1000L  35 L is salt (3.5%)
Consider the following
For every 1000L  35 L is salt (3.5%)

12. 33.7% salt
Dead Sea
WHY?
- High salt content of rocks, hot so lots of evaporation, not much rain

13. FYI… Salinity  Salts: Added Used
Rivers and volcanoes are adding substances
By plants and animals when they form solids
Ex. A marine animal uses calcium to form bones and shells.
is the measure of the amount of solids dissolved (salts) in seawater.
The salinity of the ocean has stayed the same for millions of years  it is in balance.

14. Compare salinity @ equator vs. poles

15. Source of heat for ocean water
The sun
Temperature determines: the type of organisms that will be able to live there.
ZONES
Surface
Deep
Thermocline

16. ZONES 100-400m  Surface zone Thermocline – rapid temp change
Fairly constant temp except of seasonal changes.
Thermocline – rapid temp change
Warm surface water
does NOT mix easily with colder deep water.
WHY? _________________
From thermocline to 4000m+
is the Deep Zone
Extremely cold water (~4 degrees C)

17. ZONES 100-400m  Surface zone Thermocline – rapid temp change
Fairly constant temp except of seasonal changes. (Ex. Wilmington 58F in Jan to high of 83F in Aug)
Thermocline – rapid temp change
Warm surface water (LESS DENSE)
does NOT mix easily with colder deep water.
WHY? __DIFFERENT DENSITIES_______
From thermocline to 4000m+
is the Deep Zone
Extremely cold water (~4 degrees C = ~39 degrees F)

18. What is TOPEX/Poseidon?
The first major oceanographic research vessel to sail into space
Climate Research
Hurricane Forecasting
El Niño & La Niña Forecasting
Ship Routing
Offshore Industries
Fisheries Management
Marine Mammal Research
Coral Reef Research