1. 70 Cities Named After Alexander; 50 Named Alexandria

3. Section 5 The Spread of Hellenistic Culture
Conquered cities adopted Greek customs

4. Hellenistic Culture in Alexandria
Greek = Hellenic
Blending of cultures became known as Hellenistic culture
Koine (koy NAY) meaning common, a Greek dialect, became the language spoken

5. Trade and Cultural Diversity
Alexandria became the center of commerce and Hellenistic civilization

6. Alexandria’s Attractions
Everyone admired its beauty
Most well known for its museum and library

7. Science and Technology

8. Astronomy Aristarchus made two conclusions
1. Sun at least 300 x’s bigger than the Earth
It was thought the sun was smaller than Greece
2. Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun
This wasn’t accepted because Ptolemy put the earth at the center of the solar system

9. Eratosthenes Measurement of the Size of the Earth
Astronomy Cont.d’
Eratosthenes estimated the Earth’s true size
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            
Eratosthenes Measurement of the Size of the Earth

10. Mathematics and Physics
Euclid: mathematician who wrote Elements
Basis for geometry

11. Mathematics and Physics Cont.d’
Archimedes
Studied value of pi
Ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter
Invented the Archimedes screw

12. Philosophy and Art
Philosophers became concerned with how people should live their lives.
Stoicism and Epicureanism develop

13. Stoicism
Founder Zeno
Believed people should live virtuous lives in harmony with the will of God or the natural laws that God established to run the universe
Human desires, power and wealth were dangerous distractions that should be checked.
Promoted social unity and encouraged followers to focus on what they could control

14. Epicureanism Founder Epicurus
God had no interest in humans. Humans ruled the universe
Only real objects were those that the five senses perceived
Greatest good and highest pleasure came from virtuous conduct and the absence of pain
Main goal: harmony of body and mind
Today it means a person devoted to pursuing human pleasures, especially the enjoyment of good food

16. Realism in Sculpture Largest sculpture created on the island of Rhodes
Colossus of Rhodes

18. Realism in Sculpture Continued
Nike of Samothrace
Hellenistic sculptor, more realistic
150 B.C. Hellenistic world declining
Rome was growing