1. LFEIC Survey of Harmonic Voltage Distortion Levels in Europe – Discussion of Results and Implications

2. The Survey
65 residences – harmonic voltage distortion over one week period at each residence
7 countries
Austria
France
Republic of Ireland
Italy
Germany
Netherlands
Spain
Some previous surveys:

3. Types of Customers

4. Types of Loads

5. The Results

6. Results by Country

7. Harmonic Profile

8. Sharing the Results

9. Sharing the Results

10. What Does it Mean?
Harmonic voltage distortion levels at the residences surveyed are well below the compatibility levels specified in IEC and EN at the CP95 probability level.
The harmonic voltage distortion at the residential locations surveyed is dominated by the fifth harmonic component, with a CP95 level of about 3.5%.
Harmonic voltage distortion levels tend to be highest in the evening and on weekends for the residential sites surveyed.
Snapshot of harmonic levels at selected residences.
Not a statistically valid sample.

11. What Next?
What are the variations in harmonic distortion levels as a function of the time of year?
What are the changes in harmonic distortion levels over time (e.g. years)?
What is the relationship between harmonic levels on the LV network and on the MV system, including the effect of system frequency response characteristics?
How do the harmonics from different loads combine on the supply system (cancellation, diversity factors, effect of types load as a damping influence)?
Harmonic limits based on expected impacts and overall economics associated with the limits and impacts