1. I. What is Nationalism? A. Nation 5. Religion- shared by most
B. Nationalism: people should unite based on their language, nationality or culture
1. Pos –overthrow absolute rule
2. Neg –extreme nationalism leads to war
I. What is Nationalism?
1. Culture – shared way of life
2. History -a common past
6. Nationality – shared ethnic ancestry
3. Language-shared communication
A. Nation
4. Territory – land belongs to group
5. Religion- shared by most

2. II. Nationalist Thought
A. Political thought in 1800s Europe:
1) Conservatives – no change: no voting, absolute monarchs rule (nobles, landowners)
2) Liberals – some change: educated vote, more power for Parliaments (middle class, merchants)
3) Radicals – drastic change: all people should vote, government should be full democracy (poor, workers)
B. Liberals & Radicals are Nationalists who think loyalty should be to your nation, not a king (esp. foreign king)
C. 1827, 1848: Nationalist Revolutions breakout in Europe

4. III. Nationalism Weakens Conservative Rule
A)Ottoman Empire ruled by Muslim Turks
1. Ottoman Turks controlled Greeks, Arabs, Armenians, & Slavic-speaking Balkans
2. Revolutions in Greece (1827)& Balkans (1860s)
LOSS
1827
3. Britain, France, Russia help Greeks win. Ottomans forced to grant equal citizenship to all
B) Russian Empire ruled by the Romanovs
1. Czar Nicholas I begins Russification  forced Russian culture/language on other ethnic groups in the Empire
2. Nationalist revolution starts in Poland in 1830, Nicholas I tries to further expand Empire in Crimean War (1853) & loses
3. Alexander II emancipates peasants but is assassinated, Alexander III strengthens absolutism – more nationalist revolts