1. ATOMS
What are they?

2. It starts with MATTER

3. It starts with MATTER
Matter is the “stuff” that everything is made of.

4. It starts with MATTER Matter = Substance = Chemical
Matter is the “stuff” that everything is made of.
Matter = Substance = Chemical

5. It starts with MATTER
Matter is the “stuff” that everything is made of.
Matter = Substance = Chemical
If it is solid, liquid or gas - then it is made of matter.

6. Properties of Matter

7. Properties of Matter
Matter has MASS

8. Properties of Matter
Matter has MASS
Matter is either….

9. Properties of Matter Matter has MASS Matter is either….
SOLID, LIQUID or GAS

10. Examples of MATTER
SOIL?

11. Examples of MATTER
SOIL? 

12. Examples of MATTER
SOIL? 
WATER?

13. Examples of MATTER
SOIL? 
WATER? 

14. Examples of MATTER
SOIL? 
WATER? 
PLASTIC?

15. Examples of MATTER
SOIL? 
WATER? 
PLASTIC? 

16. Examples of MATTER
SOIL? 
WATER? 
PLASTIC? 
HUMANS?

17. Examples of MATTER
SOIL? 
WATER? 
PLASTIC? 
HUMANS? 

18. Examples of MATTER
SOIL? 
WATER? 
PLASTIC? 
HUMANS? 

19. Examples of MATTER
What about….
AIR?

20. Examples of MATTER
What about….
AIR? 

21. Examples of MATTER
What about….
AIR? 
AIR is a GAS.
AIR has MASS.

22. Examples of MATTER
What about….
LIGHT?

23. Properties of Matter Matter has MASS Matter is either….
SOLID, LIQUID or GAS

24. Examples of MATTER What about…. LIGHT? 
LIGHT is not solid, liquid or gas.

25. Examples of MATTER What about…. LIGHT? 
LIGHT is not solid, liquid or gas.
LIGHT has no mass.

26. What IS Matter?

27. What IS Matter?
ALL Matter is made up of tiny particles called…..

28. What IS Matter?
ALL Matter is made up of tiny particles called…..
ATOMS

29. ATOMS

30. ATOMS
Atoms are the basic building blocks of all matter.

31. ATOMS Atoms are the basic building blocks of all matter.
We can’t see them, even with powerful microscopes.

32. ATOMS Atoms are the basic building blocks of all matter.
We can’t see them, even with powerful microscopes.
They are VERY small.

33. HOW SMALL?

34. 

35. 
About 100 BILLION ATOMS!

36. How do we know?

37. How do we know?
It started in 500BC with a man named DEMOCRATUS.

38. How do we know? It started in 500BC with a man named DEMOCRATUS.
He didn’t have any evidence.

39. How do we know? It started in 500BC with a man named DEMOCRATUS.
He didn’t have any evidence.
He was right.

40. How do we Know?
In about 1800 a man named AVOGADRO came up with a real theory based on evidence.
ATOM

41. How do we Know?
About 10 years ago we first saw actual PICTURES of ATOMS.

42. How do we Know?
And they look like this….

44. So why bother?

45. So why bother?
CHEMISTRY…

46. ..is just atoms bumping into each other!

48. Why bother?
Biology…

49. …is just clever collections of atoms.

51. Why bother?
Physics…

52. …is about how atoms behave

54. EVERYTHING IS ATOMS
The whole world, and everything in it, including you, is built of atoms.

55. ATOMS
Getting Organised…

56. TODAY’S BIG QUESTION!

57. TODAY’S BIG QUESTION!
ARE ALL ATOMS THE SAME?

58. Atomic Structure

59. Are atoms all the same?

60. Are atoms all the same?
There are 92 types of atom in the universe.

61. Are atoms all the same? There are 92 types of atom in the universe.
Everything is made up of one or more of these 92 types.

62. These 92 types of atoms are called….
THE ELEMENTS

63. The Elements

64. The Elements
Are organised by scientists into a table.

65. The Elements Are organised by scientists into a table.
This table is called…..

66. The Elements The Periodic Table of The Elements
Are organised by scientists into a table.
This table is called…..
The Periodic Table of The Elements

67. What makes these 92 elements different?

68. What makes these 92 elements different?
Each element, or each atom has a different structure.

69. What makes these 92 elements different?
Each element, or each atom has a different structure.
Each element, or atom type, is made up of a collection of EVEN SMALLER particles

70. Atomic Structure

71. Even Smaller Particles…
Each atom is made up of a combination of….

72. Even Smaller Particles…
Each atom is made up of a combination of….
PROTONS

73. Even Smaller Particles…
Each atom is made up of a combination of….
PROTONS
NEUTRONS

74. Even Smaller Particles…
Each atom is made up of a combination of….
PROTONS
NEUTRONS
and ELECTRONS

75. The Nucleus

76. The Nucleus

77. The Nucleus

78. The Nucleus
In the centre of the atom.

79. The Nucleus
In the centre of the atom.
Contains Protons and Neutrons.

80. The Nucleus In the centre of the atom. Contains Protons and Neutrons.
Is the “heavy” part of the atom.

81. PROTONS

82. PROTONS

83. PROTON
In the Nucleus

84. PROTON
In the Nucleus
Big & Heavy

85. PROTON
In the Nucleus
Big & Heavy
Has a positive charge.

86. Neutron

87. Neutron

88. Neutron

89. Neutron
Found in the nucleus.

90. Neutron
Found in the nucleus.
Has the same weight as a Proton.

91. Neutron Found in the nucleus. Has the same weight as a Proton.
Has no charge.

92. Electron

93. Electron

94. Electron

95. Electron
Found flying around the nucleus.

96. Electron Found flying around the nucleus.
Weighs thousands of times less than a Proton.

97. Electron Found flying around the nucleus.
Weighs thousands of times less than a Proton.
Has a negative charge