1. The Atom

2. The Atoms and Periodic Table Unit
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

3. How small is an atom?

4. Activity! Bringing things down to size.
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5. Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

6. Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

7. Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

8. Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

9. 1 Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 1
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

10. 2 Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 2
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

11. 3 Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 3
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

12. 4 Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 4
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

13. 5 Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 5
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

14. 6 Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 6
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

15. 7 Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 7
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

16. 8 Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 8
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

17. 9 Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 9
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

18. 10 Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 10
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

19. 11 Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 11
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

20. 12 Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 12
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

21. 13 Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 13
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

22. 14 Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 14
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

23. 15 Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 15
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

24. 16 Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 16
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

25. 17 Activity! Bringing things down to size.
Take one sheet of paper 8 by 11.
Cut it in half as precisely as possible.
Cut in half again and again. Keep track. 17
This is the product of Ryan Murphy Copyright
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

26. 84

27. 85

28. 86
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29. 87

30. 88

31. 89
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32. 90

33. Answer: If you were to cut the paper in half about 90 times, you would be around the size of the atom. 90

34. Answer: If you were to cut the paper in half about 90 times, you would be around the size of the atom. The atom is incredibly small. 90
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

35. 90 Please clean up all of the atoms.
Answer: If you were to cut the paper in half about 90 times, you would be around the size of the atom. 90
Please clean
up all of the atoms.
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36. About a million atoms stacked on top of each other = the thickness of a sheet of paper.
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37. About 5 million atoms make up a period at the end of a sentence.
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38. Is this you billions of years ago?
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39. Answer! The atomic particles spinning around billions of years ago are the same atoms that make up planets and all that are on them. Yes, your atoms were stardust.
Answer! The atomic particles spinning around billions of years ago are the same atoms that make up planets and all that are on them. Yes, you were once a gas cloud spinning around the universe.

40. Atoms are like Lego pieces.

41. These pictures just represent what the atom might look like.
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42. These pictures just represent what the atom might look like.
1. They are simple models meant for understanding.
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43. These pictures just represent what the atom might look like.
1. They are simple models meant for understanding.
2. I will attempt to help you understand the universe.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

44. These pictures just represent what the atom might look like.
1. They are simple models meant for understanding.
2. Today I will attempt to help you understand the universe.
3. I unfortunately must use simple pictures because as we know atoms are very small and they are mostly empty space.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

45. Video. A look at the atoms in steel
Video! A look at the atoms in steel. Look closely to get a good look atom .
May use an electron microscope.
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46. An atom has charged particles, this means it has a (+) and a (-) charge.
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47. An atom has charged particles, this means it has a (+) and a (-) charge.
Atoms and some of the particles they are made of carry a charge.
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48. An Atom is the smallest part of an element which can take part in a chemical reaction.
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49. The atom consists of three fundamental particles-
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50. Proton + (positive charge)
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51. Proton + (positive charge)
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52. Proton + (positive charge)
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53. Proton + (positive charge)
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54. Proton + (positive charge)
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55. Neutron 0 (neutral charge / no charge)
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56. Neutron 0 (neutral charge / no charge)
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57. Neutron 0 (neutral charge / no charge).
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58. Neutron: A particle that appears in the nucleus of all atoms except hydrogen.
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59. Neutron: A particle that appears in the nucleus of all atoms except hydrogen.
Neutrons have no electrical charge and just a bit more mass than a proton.
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60. Electron – (negative charge)
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61. +
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62. +
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63. +
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64. +
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65. +
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66. +
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67. +
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68. +
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69. Nucleus: The positively charged center of the atom.
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70. Nucleus

71. Nucleus

72. Nucleus

73. Nucleus

74. Nucleus

75. Nucleus

76. Nucleus

77. Nucleus

78. Nucleus

79. Nucleus

80. Nucleus

81. Atom Song for Review! Recommended DVD.

82. Quiz Wiz! 1-4 Name that part of the Atom.
Proton, Neutron, Electron, Nucleus
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

83. 1

84. 2

85. 3

86. 4

87. The Periodic Table
of the Elements

88. New Area of Focus: Periodic Table of the Elements.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

89. Video! Meet the Elements from TMBG

90. Dimitri Mendeleyev, the father of The Periodic Table of the Elements.
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91. Dimitri Mendeleyev, the father of The Periodic Table of the Elements.
Made cards of the elements and then began placing them in logical orders.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

92. Using atomic number instead of atomic mass as the organizing principle was first proposed by the British chemist Henry Moseley in 1913.
Helped reorganize the periodic table.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

93. Using atomic number instead of atomic mass as the organizing principle was first proposed by the British chemist Henry Moseley in 1913.
Helped reorganize the Periodic Table.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

94. Activity!
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95. Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards.
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96. Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards.
Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

97. Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards.
Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

98. Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards.
Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

99. Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards.
Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

100. Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards.
Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

101. Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards.
Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

102. Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards.
Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

103. Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards.
Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

104. Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards.
Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

105. Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards.
Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

106. Activity! Your table group is going to get a group of cards.
Each table one at a time will lay down the cards in a logical order.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

107. Questions
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108. Questions Which were missing? How do you know?
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109. Questions Which were missing? How do you know?
How is the periodic table similar to the arrangements of cards?
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110. Questions Which were missing? How do you know?
How is the periodic table similar to the arrangements of cards?
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111. Questions Which were missing? How do you know?
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112. Questions Which were missing? How do you know? 5, J, 2, 6, 7, 7, J, 3
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113. Questions
How is the periodic table similar to the arrangements of cards?
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114. Answer! The Periodic Table increases in amu from left to right.
Rows show the same number of valence E-
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115. Answer! The Periodic Table increases in amu from left to right.
Rows show the same number of valence E-
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116. Answer! The Periodic Table increases in amu from left to right.
Rows show the same number of valence E-
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117. The Periodic Table of the Elements is a…-
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118. A chart of all the known elements.
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119. Is in order of increasing atomic number and mass.
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120. Is in order of increasing atomic number and mass.
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121. H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As SeBr Kr
Atomic Mass and Atomic Number increases as you move across and down.
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122. The table puts elements into groups with similar characteristics.
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123. The table puts elements into groups with similar characteristics.
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124. Allows us to recognize trends over the whole array of elements.
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125. All of the elements in a period have the same number of atomic orbitals.
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126. All of the elements in a period have the same number of atomic orbitals.1
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127. All of the elements in a period have the same number of atomic orbitals.1 2
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128. All of the elements in a period have the same number of atomic orbitals.1 2 3
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129. All of the elements in a period have the same number of atomic orbitals.1 2 3 4
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130. All of the elements in a period have the same number of atomic orbitals.1 2 3 4 5
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131. All of the elements in a period have the same number of atomic orbitals.1 2 3 4 5 6
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132. Hydrogen has one valence electron; its in the Alkali Metal Family
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133. Hydrogen has one valence electron; its in the Alkali Metal Family
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134. Hydrogen has one valence electron; its in the Alkali Metal Family
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135. All other elements in this family, Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs, also have only one valence electron.
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136. Fluorine has seven valence electrons
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137. This places it in the halogen family
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138. I prefer the standard Periodic Table, however, new periodic tables have found creative ways to arrange the elements.
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139. I prefer the standard Periodic Table, however, new periodic tables have found creative ways to arrange the elements.
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141. Activity. Worth a quiz grade
Activity! Worth a quiz grade. Memorize the first 10 elements and their order from 1-10 in 7 minutes on The Periodic Table of Elements.
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142. Video Song to help memorize the first ten elements.

143. Please say the remaining 100 elements in 2 minutes.
You get to use your table…1 minute to practice and your time starts now!
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144. Video song! Tom Lehrers (1:25 seconds)

145. Video song! Tom Lehrers

146. Horizontal row is called Period -
(Same # of electron orbitals) -
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147. Horizontal row is called Period
(Same # of electron orbitals)
Vertical column is called group/family.
(Same # of valence electrons)
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148. Is the circled area a period or group on the periodic table?
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149. Answer! Group / Family
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150. Period
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151. H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As SeBr Kr G R O U P
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

152. H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As SeBr Kr
PERIOD 

153. AMU increases from left to right and top to bottom.
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154. AMU increases from left to right and top to bottom.
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155. H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As SeBr Kr
AMU increases as you go from left to right, and from top to bottom
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156. Transition Metals, found in middle
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159. H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As SeBr Kr
Key: Transition Metals
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160. Transition Metals are…-
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161. Malleable: To be shaped / made into sheets.
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Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

162. Ductile: Made into wire.

163. Good conductors of electricity.
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164. Copper (Cu) is a good conductor of electricity.
It is malleable and ductile.
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165. Have a high luster (shine).
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166. Conducts heat well.
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167. Most have a high density.
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168. Most are solid. Hg (mercury is a liquid metal)
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169. Almost 75% of all elements are classified as metals.
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170. Alloys: Metals are easily combined
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171. Bronze age: Copper and tin
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172.  Continued Metals…
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173. Some of the metals
Actinide Metals, Lanthanide Metals, Alkali Metals, Alkaline-Earth Metals, Noble Metals, Rare Metals, Rare-Earth Metals, and Transition Metals
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174. Some of the metals
Actinide Metals, Lanthanide Metals, Alkali Metals, Alkaline-Earth Metals, Noble Metals, Rare Metals, Rare-Earth Metals, and Transition Metals

175. Some of the metals
Actinide Metals, Lanthanide Metals, Alkali Metals, Alkaline-Earth Metals, Noble Metals, Rare Metals, Rare-Earth Metals, and Transition Metals

176. Some of the metals
Actinide Metals, Lanthanide Metals, Alkali Metals, Alkaline-Earth Metals, Noble Metals, Rare Metals, Rare-Earth Metals, and Transition Metals

177. Some of the metals
Actinide Metals, Lanthanide Metals, Alkali Metals, Alkaline-Earth Metals, Noble Metals, Rare Metals, Rare-Earth Metals, and Transition Metals

178. Some of the metals
Actinide Metals, Lanthanide Metals, Alkali Metals, Alkaline-Earth Metals, Noble Metals, Rare Metals, Rare-Earth Metals, and Transition Metals

179. Some of the metals
Actinide Metals, Lanthanide Metals, Alkali Metals, Alkaline-Earth Metals, Noble Metals, and Transition Metals.

180. 1st row Alkali Metals (Orange)
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181. 1st row Alkali Metals (Orange)
One valence electron
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182. H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As SeBr Kr
Key: Alkali Earth Metals
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

184. Alkali metals have one valence electron

185. Alkali metals have one valence electron
Sodium

186. Alkali metals have one valence electron
Halogens have seven valence electrons
Sodium

187. Alkali metals have one valence electron
Halogens have seven valence electrons
Sodium Chlorine

189. Video: Alkali Metals and water.
Apologies for the moderately inappropriate expression that is used.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

190. Francium

191. Francium: Incredibly reactive in water.

192. Francium: Incredibly reactive in water.

193. Francium: Incredibly reactive in water.
This isn’t a
Francium Bomb.

194. Only a few grams of Francium even exist
Francium: Incredibly reactive in water.
Only a few grams of
Francium even exist

195. It has a half life of 22 seconds
Francium: Incredibly reactive in water.
It has a half life of
22 seconds

196. Francium: Incredibly reactive in water.
Why waste it on a bomb?

197. The Alkaline Earth Elements are metallic elements found in the second period of the periodic table
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198. The Alkaline Earth Elements are metallic elements found in the second period of the periodic table (Aqua).
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199. The Alkaline Earth Elements are metallic elements found in the second period of the periodic table (Aqua).
They have two valence electrons.
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200. The Alkaline Earth Elements are metallic elements found in the second period of the periodic table (Aqua).
They have two valence electrons.
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201. H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As SeBr Kr
Key: Alkaline Earth Metals
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202. What Alkaline Earth metal is this?

203. Answer! Calcium Atomic # 20

204. Metalloids: Properties of metals and non-metals -
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205. Semi-conductors
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206. Brittle
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207. Can have luster.
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208. H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As SeBr Kr
Key: Metalloids
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209. Non-Metals
Not metals
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210. H He Li Be B C N O F Ne Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar K Ca Sc Ti Ga Ge As SeBr Kr
Key: Non-metals
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211. Non-metals… -
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212. H and He are non-metals.
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213. They are poor conductors.
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214. They are brittle (break when hit).
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215. Dull in color. (No shine)
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216. Poor conductors of heat.
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217. Is this square translucent?
They may be transparent or translucent.
Is this square translucent?
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218. They may be transparent or translucent.
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