1. OIL#58: Shorten test procedure (validation test in phase 1a)

2. Trial Tests with Multi Cycle Test Method
Test vehicle: Leaf (Nissan)
Test plan
(1)SCT (Single cycle test)
To conduct the range test for each phase.
(2)MCT (Multi cycle test)
To consider MCT of WLTP based on SAE.
(3) Compare SCT and MCT

3. Proposed shorten test procedure with MCT based on SAE J1634

4. Test vehicle Vehicle condition: 2011 Model(ZAA-ZE0)
Odometer : 4868 km (before the test)
Condition
4WD Chassis dynamometer
FF 2WD mode
Setting weight (for WLTP gtr condition)
1681kg
Ambient temperature deg.C 25

5. Measured Ranges with SCT
This SCT test were conducted in the comparison with MCT and only Middle and Ex-High phases were conditioned in this test.
Test Results with SCT
Phase
Range
UBE
Usable Battery Capacity
Eac
AC Recharge Energy
Low
177.1 km
18.7 kWh
23.6 kWh
Middle
170.1 km
19.7 kWh
24.3 kWh
High
147.3 km
20.2 kWh
24.8 kWh
Ex-High
98.5 km
19.5 kWh

6. Example: Measured Discharge Energy with SCT(Middle)

7. Measured Energy Consumption with MCT
Phase
Distance km
Edc Wh
Discharge Energy
ECdc Wh/km
Energy Consumption
Low1
3.10
377
121.6
Middle1
4.75
632
133.2
High1
7.12
986
138.4
Ex-High1
8.25
1652
200.3
Middle2
542
114.0
Low2
335
108.2
CSCM
50.25
7537
150.0
Low3
3.09
108.6
Middle3
4.74
552
116.5
High2
7.11
970
136.4
Ex-High2
8.24
1651
Middle4
539
113.6
Low4
3.08
336
109.1
CSCE
24.26
3495
144.1
Usable Discharge Energy
19.9 kWh
Usable Discharge Energy is the summation of Edc.

8. SOC variation

9. Calculation equations for ranges with MCT
The range with MCT was estimated by the following equations.
Energy Consumption Wh/km = k1×EC1+ k2×EC2 + k3×EC3+ k4×EC4
Range km = (Usable Discharge Energy Wh) / (Energy Consumption Wh/km)
k1=(Discharge Energy for the first Cycle Wh) / (Usable Discharge Energy Wh)
k2= k3= k4 =(1- k1)/3
For middle range;
Energy Consumption Wh/km = k1×ECmiddle1+ k2×ECmiddle2 +
k3×ECmiddle3+ k4×ECmiddle4
= Wh/km
Where,
k1 = 632 Wh / 19.9 kWh = 0.03
k2 = k3 = k4 = (1- k1)/3 = 0.32
Range km =19.9 kWh/ Wh/km = km

10. Estimated Range with MCT
Phase
Measured Range
(SCT)
Estimated Range
(MCT)
Comparison
SCT vs MCT
Low
177.1km
183.2km
6.1km
3.6%
Middle
170.1km
172.9km
2.8km
1.7%
High
147.3km
146.1km
1.2km
0.8%
Ex-High
98.5km
99.5km
1.0km
1.1%
The results show that the error was small. Thus, it is considered that the shorten test procedure with MCT is usable.
Time reduction effect with the shorten test procedure with MCT
　　The measurement of four ranges with SCT consumed 22:00.
　　The measurement of four ranges with MCT consumed 3:30.

11. Effect in duration reduction for tests
Ranges
Single Cycle Test
Shorten test procedure
WLTC range only
3days
Day1 for charge
Day2 for WLTP SCT
Day3 for re-charge
WLTC range and
WLTC city range
5ays
Day3 for charge
Day4 for WLTP city SCT
Day5 for re-charge
Calculation is applied for WLTP city range
WLTC range,
Low phase range,
Middle phase range,
High phase range and Extra High phase range
11days
Day4 for Low phase SCT
Day5 for charge
Day6 for Middle phase SCT
Day7 for charge
Day8 for High phase SCT
Day9 for charge
Day10 for extra High phase SCT
Day11 for re-charge
Calculation is applied for other ranges

12. Concerns Fluctuation: Influencing factors on range measurement
Single Cycle Test
Shorten test procedure
Range [km]
UBE [Wh]
DC electricity consumption
[Wh/km]
method
Constant speed NA
Affected
Cycle sequence
Order of phases
Cycle configuration
Length of CSC
Measurement
Speed pattern tracing
Strongly affected
Especially for the final cycle
Robustness:
Can the both test procedures produce good agreements on results with other PEVs?
⇒Demand for validation tests