Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

The science of naming organisms.

Published byKarla Jessen Modified over 6 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "The science of naming organisms."— Presentation transcript:

1 The science of naming organisms.
Taxonomy The science of naming organisms.

2 Aristotle – Simple Classification
Plant or animal? If an animal, does it Fly Swim Crawl Simple classifications Used common names

3 Carolus Linnaeus – Scientific Names
Described organisms with two word names, instead of polynomials Developed Binomial Nomenclature BI – 2 NOMIAL - Name First word = Genus Second word = species EX: Balenopora physalus – Felis catus Blue Whale Domestic Cat

4 Why binomial nomenclature?
Much easier than a 10+ word name under old “polynomial system” Same name no matter where you go Less confusion Binomial = SCIENTIFIC NAME = Latin

5 Scientific Names You Should Know
Homo sapiens Cannis familiaris Panthera leo Panthera tigris Panthera pardus

6 Taxonomic hierarchy Names organisms and their relationships from very broad to very specific – Like an umbrella

7 All organisms classified in a hierarchy
Kingdom (broadest) (most organisms) Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species (most specific)(least organisms)

8 PHYLA or TAXA (taxon – pl)
EACH LEVEL IS CALLED A… PHYLA or TAXA (taxon – pl)

9 DICHOTOMOUS KEY SERIES OF QUESTIONS (WITH 2 OPTIONS) THAT LEADS TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF AN ORGANISM. BROAD TO SPECIFIC

10 ACTIVITY CLASS GROUP MALE / FEMALE LONG HAIR / SHORT HAIR
CURLY / STRAIGHT LIGHT HAIR / DARK HAIR DRESS SHOES/ATHLETIC SHOES

11 What is a species anyway?
Biological species concept SPECIES - group of actually or potentially breeding natural groups that are reproductively isolated from other groups. Ernst Mayr, 1924 BSC’s problems Hybrids Sterile offspring of two different species Asexual organisms

12 How many are out there? Scientists currently estimate that
There are 10 million species worldwide Over 5 million live in the tropics Most unnamed species are small or microscopic

13 Why is taxonomy useful? Helps prevent confusion among scientists
Helps to show how organisms are related Can be used to reconstruct phylogenies – evolutionary histories – of an organism or group

14 A note on Cladograms Graph showing when different groups diverged from a common ancestral line Based on Derived Traits Hypothesized ancestry – probable evolution Recent common ancestors – adjacent branches

15 Bird Cladogram

16 Fan-like Model Uses: Fossil information Anatomonical studies
Genetic studies Cladistic studies Identifies relationships between modern & extinct species

17 The 6 kingdoms Prokaryotes (Used to be 1 kingdom, Monera) Eukaryotes
Archaebacteria Eubacteria Eukaryotes Fungi Protista Animal Plantae

18 Overview of the 6 kingdoms
Archaebacteria Unicellular Live in extreme environments Prokaryotic Eubacteria “Common bacteria”

19 Overview of the 6 kingdoms
Protista Eukaryotic Unicellular or colonial Lots of different life styles Fungi Cell walls made of chitin Multicellular External heterotrophs

20 Overview of the 6 kingdoms
Plantae Eukaryotic & Multicellular Cell walls made of cellulose Autotrophic Animalia No cell walls Internal heterotrophs

Download ppt "The science of naming organisms."

Similar presentations

The science of naming organisms.

The science of naming organisms.
Chapter 17 Organizing Life’s Diversity. Classification The grouping of objects or information based on similiarities The grouping of objects or information.

Chapter 17 Organizing Life’s Diversity. Classification The grouping of objects or information based on similiarities The grouping of objects or information.
CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANISMS. Biologists have classified nearly 2 million species Estimates range from 13 million to 40+ million The science of describing,

CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANISMS. Biologists have classified nearly 2 million species Estimates range from 13 million to 40+ million The science of describing,
Classification of Organisms

Classification of Organisms
Ch 17 – Classification of Organisms

Ch 17 – Classification of Organisms
Chapter 18: Classification & Introduction to Taxonomy

Chapter 18: Classification & Introduction to Taxonomy
Characteristics of Living Systems

Characteristics of Living Systems
Classification Taxonomy naming system for the organization of life. – Grouping or categorizing based on similarities Modern classification began with.

Classification Taxonomy naming system for the organization of life. – Grouping or categorizing based on similarities Modern classification began with.
Thursday, March 24, 2011 Objective: Students will be able to classify using the six kingdoms. Bellringer: Explain how a dichotomous key works, and its.

Thursday, March 24, 2011 Objective: Students will be able to classify using the six kingdoms. Bellringer: Explain how a dichotomous key works, and its.
Chapter 14 Notes Why Classify?. 14.1 Categories of Biological Classification: 1. Why Classify? –Eliminate confusion –Organize information –Reveal Evolutionary.

Chapter 14 Notes Why Classify? Categories of Biological Classification: 1. Why Classify? –Eliminate confusion –Organize information –Reveal Evolutionary.
Essential Questions: Why do we need classification?

Essential Questions: Why do we need classification?
CLASSIFICATION VOCAB Chapter 18. Bacteria that “like” living in HOT environments like volcano vents thermophiles Group or level of organization into which.

CLASSIFICATION VOCAB Chapter 18. Bacteria that “like” living in HOT environments like volcano vents thermophiles Group or level of organization into which.
Taxonomy The science of naming organisms.. Aristotle Plant or animal? If an animal, does it –Fly –Swim –Crawl Simple classifications Used common names.

Taxonomy The science of naming organisms.. Aristotle Plant or animal? If an animal, does it –Fly –Swim –Crawl Simple classifications Used common names.
Taxonomy The science of naming organisms.. Aristotle Plant or animal? If an animal, does it –Fly –Swim –Crawl Simple classifications Used common names.

Taxonomy The science of naming organisms.. Aristotle Plant or animal? If an animal, does it –Fly –Swim –Crawl Simple classifications Used common names.
Taxonomy The science of naming organisms.. Aristotle 2000 years ago – only 1000 or so organisms had been “discovered” Classification system developed.

Taxonomy The science of naming organisms.. Aristotle 2000 years ago – only 1000 or so organisms had been “discovered” Classification system developed.
Taxonomy The science of naming organisms.. Aristotle – Simple Classification Plant or animal? If an animal, does it –Fly –Swim –Crawl Simple classifications.

Taxonomy The science of naming organisms.. Aristotle – Simple Classification Plant or animal? If an animal, does it –Fly –Swim –Crawl Simple classifications.
Classification: Taxonomy

Classification: Taxonomy
Classification.

Classification.
Chapter 14 : Classification of Organisms

Chapter 14 : Classification of Organisms
Classification Notes.

Classification Notes.

Similar presentations

Ads by Google