1. Evidence for Evolution

2. What Darwin Observed

7. Fossil Record
-Stratigraphy is the study rock successions and their interpretation in terms of a general time scale.
-The oldest layers and fossils are at the bottom and get progressively younger as you move towards the top
-Gives a physical timeline of the evolution of earths organisms and its extinctions.
-What inference could you make if you found these same trilobites in a similar layer of rock on another continent?

8. Fossil Record -What are fossils?
Remains of ancient organisms. There are 2 types of fossils; body and trace fossils
-body=remains/outline of the organism.
-Trace= other signs the organism was present- footprints, tracks, etc.

10. 2.Geographic Distribution of Species
-Similar animals in different locations around the world were the product of different lines of evolutionary descent.

11. 3.Homologous Structures and Vestigial Organs.
Homologous structures- similar structures that appear in different organisms, but may have similar function
-from the same body part in a common ancestor .
-Ex: Birds wing and human arm.
Vestigial organs -serve no apparent purpose, but resemble functioning organs in other animals.
-Ex: Fossil whales have useless pelvic bones resembling those in other mammals.

12. REVIEW!!With your shoulder partner-Answer
What is meant by the term evolution?
How is the process of survival of the fittest related to a populations environment?
What does fossil evidence show about evolution?

13. 4.Similarities in Early Development
Embryology- Early stages, or embryos, of vertebrates show many have similar features in these early days of development

14. DNA Evidence
-Inside the cells of ALL organisms on Earth is DNA with the exact same DNA 4 bases, only the orders/genes are different.
-The environment dictates which phenotypes succeed and repeatedly get passed on through sexual reproduction.

15. DNA Evidence
-Closely related organisms have more similarities in their DNA/genes. Distant relatives have more genetic differences.
-For example, there are proteins that are the same in all organisms. The hemoglobin gene is a primary example. it carries oxygen on the red blood cell in all organisms. The fewer differences in amino acids the closer the relation to humans.