1. Evolution

2. A time long ago…………

3. What was the Earth like? Climate: hot cold Plants: tall short
Animals: big small
Area: large small

4. Can we live on Earth with the same conditions?

5. Evolution

6. Changes in living things……..

7. Adaptions……………
Trait that makes a living thing able to survive in its surroundings
CAN YOU NAME THE ADAPTATIONS?

8. Adaptations

9. All living things in the world have certain kinds of ADAPTATIONS.
An ADAPTATION is a trait that makes a living thing ABLE TO LIVE IN SURROUNDINGS.

10. Adaptations

11. Natural
Selection

12. Natural selection is the process in which something in a LIVING thing’s surroundings determines if it will or WILL NOT survive to have offspring.
Something in nature does the SELECTING
Example: OWLS did the selecting

13. What Happened?????? The color of the mice became lighter.
The change was a
result of NATURAL SELECTION.

14. Living things that change to fit their SURROUNDINGS
If animals a re able to survive, they can REPRODUCE

17. Mutations

18. Adaptations are TRAITS that help living things survive in their environment.
Traits can be CHANGED
to help animals live in their environments.
Mutations can be HARMFUL and HELPFUL

19. Species Formation

20. Species is a group of living things that can:
BREED PRODUCE offspring
Fertile means:
ABLE to reproduce
Form EGG and SPERM

21. Barriers

22. Primate
and
Human Evolution

23. FOSSILS are very important when it comes to tracing the EVOLUTION of HUMANS
Gives us EVIDENCE of past life

24. Kingdom: Animal
Phylum: Chordate
Class: Mammal
Order: Primate

25. PRIMATE order includes:

26. Primate are mammals with eyes that:
FACE forward
A well-developed CEREBRUM
THUMBS used for grasping

27. About 45 million years ago, primates EVOLVED into two main groups:
NEW-WORLD MONKEYS
OLD-WORLD MONKEYS

28. GROUP 1
NEW-WORLD MONKEY
Has Tail
Can GRASP objects
NOSTRILS open upward
HOWLER MONKEY
SPIDER MONKEY

29. GROUP 2 OLD-WORLD MONKEY
Ancestors of the group that EVOLVED into APES and HUMAN-LIKE
Can’t GRASP
NOSTRILS point down
Baboons are OLD-WORLD MONKEYS

30. Human-like ancestors first appeared around 3 MILLION years ago.
WALKED upright
Shorter
Homo sapiens are the only human-life form living today.

31. APES

32. Homo sapiens
Humanlike ancestors

33. Homo sapiens
Group known as the NEANDERTHAL man.
Shorter than modern man
Thicker BONES
Extinct

34. Explanations for Evolution

35. Charles Darwin
Book in 1859 regarding evolution & his theory of natural selection
Based on Beagle travels around the world

36. Darwin’s Work
Scientist CHARLES DARWIN studied evolution and TRAITS of animals.
DARWIN traveled on a boat called the BEAGLE
He was looking at PLANTS and ANIMALS
He noticed that some plants and animals were SIMILAR

37. Darwin’s Theory Living things overproduce – more produced than survive
Variation – all organisms differ in their traits.
There is a struggle to survive – more living things than resources = competition
Natural selection is always taking place – individuals with less desirable traits are less fit: “survival of the fittest”

38. 1. Living things OVERPRODUCE
More offspring are produced than SURVIVE
A single cottonwood tree forms THOUSANDS of seeds.
Frog eggs are produced in the HUNDREDS.

39. There is VARIATION in the offspring.
VARIATIONS are traits that make one different from another.
BLUE eyes vs. BROWN eyes
Some differences are inherited.
Tiger moth wings differ in COLOR and PATTERN

40. There is a struggle to SURVIVE
If there is less food, animals will COMPETE for food.
COMPETITION is the struggle among living things to get the needs (food) to survive.
Young trees compete for LIGHT and WATER.

41. NATURAL SELECTION is always taking place.
If you have LESS desirable traits, you will not survive.
If you are a black bear in the arctic, you have fewer traits needed to survive from the hunters.
If there is a less chance to survive, there is a LESS chance for REPRODUCTION

42. If you have desirable traits, you will:
REPRODUCE
SURVIVE the area

43. Darwin noticed that organisms were always trying to find a way to survive. He noticed organisms are always CHANGING.
Changes do not occur QUICKLY.
EVOLUTION is a change in the heredity features of a group of organisms over time.

44. FOSSIL EVIDENCE

45. What evidence supports that animals have changed?
FOSSILS
FOSSILS are remains of plants and animals from the past.
LEAF of a plant
FOOTPRINT of an animal frozen in ice
Insects trapped in TREE SAP

46. WOLLY MAMMOTH

47. Where are fossils found?
EARTH’S crust
In sedimentary ROCKS
Sedimentary ROCKS form from other rocks sticking together.

48. What are sedimentary rock?
Rocks that form from SEDIMENTARY rocks.
MUD,SAND, and PARTICLES
Form at the bottom of the SEAS
These fossils are called sediments. They sink to the bottom of the ocean. These fossils FORM LAYERS
Fossils give us a RECORD of how animals looked and LIVED in the past.

49. LAYERS OF ROCK Newest Layer Oldest Layer
As you move up, the layers are YOUNGER

50. NEW EVIDENCE

51. COMPARE BODY STRUCTURE
All animals are CHORDATES
Has the same ANCESTORY

52. Look at VESTIGIAL structures
VESTIGIAL structures is a body part that no longer has a function
Your APPENDIX has no function
Pink bump in your eye is left over from a THIRD EYELID
Animals that have these structures are related.

53. Vestigial Structures

54. Are all of your CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING questions complete?
Is your VOCABULARY done?
Is the PRIMATE PUZZLE done on page 622?
Is the CRITICAL THINKING complete?
WORTH 146pts