1. Midterm Review

2. In the scientific method, this is the variable that the experimenter manipulates
Independent variable
Maintaining a constant internal condition
Homeostasis
The __________changes in response to the ____________
Dependent, independent

3. In order to see if your experiment had any results, you must have a ___________to compare your results to
Control
If polysaccharides are broken down in to smaller pieces, what is formed?
Monosaccharides
What do enzymes do
Speed up chemical reactions

4. If antibodies are composed of amino acids, what macromolecule would an antibody be?
Protein
What happens to an enzyme after a reaction is over?
Nothing
Adding Benedicts to a solution turns it a burnt orange color. What would be in the solution?
Sugar, simple carbs

5. Polysaccharides are split apart to make monosaccharides in a reaction known as
Hydrolysis
The amine group of an amino acid
NH2
If all the carbon atoms in a fatty acid chain are joined together by single bonds, the fatty acid would be?
saturated

6. Lipids are found in plant and animal cell vacuoles
Lipids are found in plant and animal cell vacuoles. Compared to lipids in cell membranes, what is the function of lipids found in the vacuole?
Store energy for cell functions
Protein channels are embedded in a cell’s membrane. What do these channels do?
Transport molecules

7. In active transport, carrier proteins move materials from an area of _________concentration to ____________concentration with the use of ________
Low, high, energy
Osmosis is a type of ________
Passive transport/diffusion

8. The diagram below shows a container divided into two compartments by a membrane permeable to water and not starch. Two solutions containing different concentrations of starch were placed on each side of the membrane.
The water on the left side will increase

9. Which is a prokaryotic cell?

10. In replication, which enzyme unzips the DNA double helix?
Helicase
The backbone of the DNA molecule is made up of
Sugar and phosphate
DNA is copied to RNA
transcription

11. Proteins are made from RNA
Translation
Which enzyme adds new base pairs during replication?
DNA polymerase
The molecule that carries amino acids
tRNA

12. Which process of the cell cycle is responsible for the nucleus of each new cell having the same number of chromosomes as the original cell?
Mitosis
During which stage of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?
Synthesis

13. If a somatic cell of a common house cat has 38 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be in the cell after mitosis? 38
How many would be present in the germ cells? 19

14. Does mitosis result in haploid or diploid cells?
In which stage of mitosis do chromosomes align down the center of the cell?
metaphase

15. What is the center of a chromosome called?
Centromere
What keeps the chromosome from unraveling?
Telomeres
What is one half of a duplicated chromosome called?
Sister chromatid

16. Put the cells in order of their correct stages
2,1,4,3