1. Biological Abnormalities Chromosomal Abnormalities Hormonal Abnormalities Gender Identity Creation/Change

2. KEY CONCEPTS Chromosomal Abnormalities Hormonal Abnormalities
Errors in cell division lead to extra or missing chromosomes
Turner’s Syndrome (X Ø)
Trisomy X Syndrome (XXX)
Klinefelter’s Syndrome (XXY or even XXXY)
Supernumerary Y Syndrome (XYY)
Hormonal Abnormalities
It’s the ratio of androgens/estrogens that make us male/female
Androgenital Syndrome (too much androgen)
Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (normal androgen, body can’t use it)
Gender Identity and Gender Of Rearing
The “Creation” Of Gender Identities
When Gender “Creation” Doesn’t Stick

3. X Chromosome
Y Chromosome

4. XX - Female
XY - Male

5. In the absence of a “Y” chromosome, these are females.
Turner’s
Syndrome
Trisomy X
Syndrome
In the absence of a “Y” chromosome, these are females.

6. Klinefelter’s Syndrome Supernumerary Y Syndrome
In the presence of a “Y” chromosome, these are males.
They are “Pseudo-hermaphrodites”

7. KEY CONCEPTS Chromosomal Abnormalities Hormonal Abnormalities
Errors in cell division and there are extra or missing chromosomes
Turner’s Syndrome (X Ø)
Trisomy X Syndrome (XXX)
Klinefelter’s Syndrome (XXY or even XXXY)
Supernumerary Y Syndrome (XYY)
Hormonal Abnormalities
It’s the ratio of androgens/estrogens that make us male/female
Androgenital Syndrome (too much androgen)
Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (normal androgen, body can’t use it)
Gender Identity and Gender Of Rearing
The “Creation” Of Gender Identities
When Gender “Creation” Doesn’t Stick

8. KEY CONCEPTS Chromosomal Abnormalities Hormonal Abnormalities
Errors in cell division and there are extra or missing chromosomes
Turner’s Syndrome (X Ø)
Trisomy X Syndrome (XXX)
Klinefelter’s Syndrome (XXY or even XXXY)
Supernumerary Y Syndrome (XYY)
Hormonal Abnormalities
It’s the ratio of androgens/estrogens that make us male/female
Androgenital Syndrome (too much androgen)
Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (normal androgen, body can’t use it)
Gender Identity and Gender Of Rearing
The “Creation” Of Gender Identities
When Gender “Creation” Doesn’t Stick

9. Gender Identity “Creation” Gender Identity “Change”
The Case Of David Reimer
Gender Identity
“Change”
The Case Of The Guevedoces
18 months
4 years
8 years
19 years
42 years