1. The Mongols

2. Nomads of the Asian Steppe
It stretches across ______________________
It served as a ___________________________
Home to _________________________ who roamed and conquered areas surrounding them.

3. Nomadic Way of Life
Pastoralists: _______________________________ ___________________________________________
Constantly on the move searching for ____________________________________________ ____________________________________________
Mostly traveled on _________________________ .
Traveled together in groups called __________.
Different clans joined together if ____________ ____________________________________________

4. Steppe Nomads and Settled Societies
Engaged in ________________________________ ___________________of the time
If empires were ____________________________ ___________________ powerful nomadic groups attacked.

5. Mongols roamed loosely in _________________ _________________________.
Around ______________ military and political genius unites the Mongols – _________________
Genghis Khan which meant “________________ _______________” united the Mongols.
1206 – _________________ convenes and chooses Temujin as the ____________________
Kuriltai – _________________________________________ ____________________________________

6. Genghis the Conqueror
Brilliant Organizer- assembled warriors into fighting force – organized army into _________________________
Tumens – ________________________________________
Strategist: he used _________________________ to confuse the enemy
Used ______________________________________ as a weapon: terrified enemies into surrendering.

7. Mongol Conquests
The Mongols began to conquer much of __________________
He began with China in 1211 and launched the “____________________________________” across Central Asia.
They destroyed city after city and slaughtered many inhabitants.
1225: _________________________________was under Mongol Control
By Genghis Khan’s death in 1227, the Mongols controlled Asia from ___________________________ ________________________________________
He made _____________________________ the capital of his empire

8. He became the ___________________ of artists and intellectuals in areas he conquered
He gathered ________________________________ from many places of his empire at Karakorum
His son ________________ was chosen by the kariltai to succeed him as the _____________________________
The Empire was divided by his sons and one of his grandsons into _______________________ _________________________
Ogedai continued ___________________________ ____________________________________________

9. The Mongol as Rulers
Harsh warriors, but were ____________________ ___________________once land was conquered.
Did not ______________________________________ on conquered people.
____________________________________ of some of the people they ruled.
Pax Mongolica: 1200s-1300s __________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________
- allowed for __________________________________________ _______________________________________________________.
___________________________________ were the greatest beneficiaries of the peace

10. Khanate of the Golden Horde
One of the _________________________________ of Genghis Khan’s empire
Its goal was to _____________________________
Conquered almost __________________________ and reached ______________________________
Mongols allowed Russians to ________________ ____________________________________________
Effects of Mongol rule on Russia:
Led to the rise of _________________________________
Separated Russia from ____________________________ so that it did not __________________________________________________ with ____________________________________ countries

11. Mongols in China
_____________________________– grandson of Genghis Khan conquers ______________________ and ends the _______________ Dynasty
He sets up the _______________________________
He becomes the next __________________________
Only time in Chinese history that _______________ _______________________________________________
Chinese and Mongol cultures are kept ________________ and ________________________ is forbidden
It was during Kublai Khan’s rule that ______________________________ visited China

12. Mongols in China
Yuan dynasty ended with the ________________ ___________________________________________
Chinese always resented __________________________
Mongol rule was weakened after _______________________________– maybe ___________ did not favor them?
___________________________________ cause instability
Replaced by the ____________________________