1. The English Civil War

2. HENRY VIII
Henry VIII creates the Church of England (WHY?) with Parliament’s help
Henry VIII is married times (has 3 surviving children - Mary, Elizabeth, Edward)
Upon his death, Edward takes the throne (very Protestant!)

3. After Edward dies, Mary becomes queen of England (very Catholic!)
Mary dies without an heir; Elizabeth (Protestant) becomes queen

4. Queen Elizabeth I Makes England a Protestant country
Solidifies ties to Scotland & Ireland
Made England one of the most powerful nations in Europe

5. England’s Religious Rollercoaster!
Henry VIII - Catholic
Henry VIII- Protestant
Edward VI - Protestant
Queen Mary-Catholic
Elizabeth I- Protestant

6. Queen Elizabeth I Makes England a Protestant country
Solidifies ties to Scotland & Ireland
Made England one of the most powerful nations in Europe

7. Pretty cool that I’m James VI of Scotland AND James I of England!
When Elizabeth dies, the Tudor Dynasty ends (why?)
James (VI) I of Scotland (her cousin) becomes king; begins the Stuart Dynasty
Trouble ahead….

8. James I
Trouble started when James I took the throne after Elizabeth died
Believed he had divine right
His greatest weakness:
always asking Parliament for
money to fund his extravagant
lifestyle ; What is Parliament?
Parliament and the people
were not always happy with
his foreign policy

9. James I & Religion James was head of church and state
The Puritans felt there was still too much Catholic influence in the Church of England and wanted to “purify” it
James refused reforms except for new translation of bible
James felt criticism of the church meant you were not a loyal subject and you should leave
The Acts of Uniformity:
Required conformity to Anglican rituals in ALL churches
Further strains the relationship between the Protestant King & his Catholic subjects…

10. Charles I ( )

11. Charles I & Abuse of Power
Charles I, Son of James, he also believed in divine right, opposed Puritans and married a Catholic
Repeatedly asked Parliament for money
When a request for money was denied he:
Put areas under martial law
Dissolved Parliament
Quartered troops in private homes
The Acts of Uniformity:
Required conformity to Anglican rituals in ALL churches
Further strains the relationship between the Protestant King & his Catholic subjects…

12. Charles I & Abuse of Power
Parliament got fed up and the next time the king asked for money, they made him sign the Petition of Right
Said the King WILL NOT:
Imprison unlawfully
House troops in private homes
Pass taxes without Parliament’s approval
Charles signed it to get his money…but then ignored it & dissolved Parliament again!
Ruled for 11 years as an absolute ruler!
The Acts of Uniformity:
Required conformity to Anglican rituals in ALL churches
Further strains the relationship between the Protestant King & his Catholic subjects…

13. Charles I & Religion Charles persecuted Puritans
Thousands of Puritans went on to seek religious freedom in the American colonies
Charles further angered Scotland when he tried to force Anglican prayer on them
They were prepared to defend their freedom…
The Acts of Uniformity:
Required conformity to Anglican rituals in ALL churches
Further strains the relationship between the Protestant King & his Catholic subjects…

14. ENGLISH CIVIL WAR
The English Civil War

15. Beginnings of War
The Scots invaded England and the Irish rebelled over the practice of land grants
Charles was in desperate need of money
He was forced to call Parliament back and they were determined to limit his power
Charles refused to agree to their demands and both sides prepared for war!
The Acts of Uniformity:
Required conformity to Anglican rituals in ALL churches
Further strains the relationship between the Protestant King & his Catholic subjects…

16. English Civil War
Cavaliers - those who supported Charles I; nobles and landowners from north
Roundheads - supporters of Parliament and Puritans; came from south
Roundheads were led by
Oliver Cromwell
4 yrs of conflict
Parliament won and Charles was executed
The Acts of Uniformity:
Required conformity to Anglican rituals in ALL churches
Further strains the relationship between the Protestant King & his Catholic subjects…

17. The Beheading of Charles I

18. Oliver Cromwell Rules
After Charles I was executed the Monarchy & the House of Lords were abolished
Oliver Cromwell was made Lord Protector of England
Cromwell placed England under military rule…

19. Oliver Cromwell Rules Crushed the Irish rebellion
Strict morality – abolished theater, sporting events, drinking, dancing, & even Christmas celebrations!
When he died, people wanted a change & restored the monarch under Charles II

20. Representative gov’t and individual rights would be a main focus and no more absolute monarchies would reign!!!

21. Horrible Histories English Civil War Song
English Civil War News Report