1. Therapeutic Effect of Topical Gamma-Linolenic Acid on Refractory Uremic Pruritus 
Yung-Chih Chen, MD, Wan-Ting Chiu, MD, Mai-Szu Wu, MD 
American Journal of Kidney Diseases 
Volume 48, Issue 1, Pages (July 2006)
DOI: /j.ajkd
Copyright © 2006 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. Fig 1
Trial design: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Abbreviations: GLA, GLA-containing cream; Pb, placebo cream; S, scoring.
American Journal of Kidney Diseases  , 69-76DOI: ( /j.ajkd )
Copyright © 2006 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Terms and Conditions

3. Fig 2
Trend in antipruritic effects. Median scores (horizontal lines) in both pruritus assessment methods obtained during each treatment period of the study shown in order of time. Abbreviations: GLA, GLA-containing cream; pb, placebo cream.
American Journal of Kidney Diseases  , 69-76DOI: ( /j.ajkd )
Copyright © 2006 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Terms and Conditions

4. Fig 3
Paired comparison of the treatment effect of either GLA cream (GLA) or placebo cream (pb). Median values shown as horizontal lines. There was a significant decrease in VAS and PS scores after GLA treatment.
American Journal of Kidney Diseases  , 69-76DOI: ( /j.ajkd )
Copyright © 2006 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Terms and Conditions

5. Fig 4
Head-to-head comparison of changes in ratios of either VAS or PS on GLA-containing cream (GLA) versus placebo cream (pb) in treatment periods 1 and 2. Mean values shown as horizontal lines. There was a significant improvement in uremic pruritus by means of both pruritus evaluations.
American Journal of Kidney Diseases  , 69-76DOI: ( /j.ajkd )
Copyright © 2006 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Terms and Conditions