1. 1750 – 1914 Overview Periodization Question: Why 1750 –1914?

2. The Most Important Themes
Industrialization
Growing Globalization of Capital and Labor
Imperialism
Spread of New Ideologies and Reform Movements
Dominance of the West, on sea & land

3. Changes in Global Commerce, Communication and Technology
Modes of Transportation/ communication
Impact of railroad, steam, telegraph
Suez Canal, Panama Canal

4. Suez Canal
Suez canal opened in 1869

5. Changes in Global Commerce, Communication and Technology
Industrial Revolution
Origins of I.R. – where, what
and when
Rationale of capitalism –
Adam Smith
Impact of I.R. on time, family,
work, labor
Relationship of nations during I.R.
Intellectual responses to I.R. – Marxism, socialism

6. Power loom
Fatcat
Milltown
Miner
Streetchildren

7. Globalization Full emergence after 1850s
How did it differ from earlier proto- globalization?
Volume of goods exchanged
Impact of exports and imports on local economies
Transnational political agreements
New levels of cultural globalization
Caused significant regional environmental impacts
Ex. Rubber industry in Brazil led to deforestation

8. Demographic and Environmental Changes
Migration – Immigration
Why?
Where?

9. Demographic and Environmental Changes
End of Atlantic Slave Trade
New Birthrate Patterns
Disease prevention
and eradication
Food Supply

10. Changes in Social and Gender Structure
Industrial Revolution
Commercial developments
Tension between work patterns and ideas about gender
Emancipation of Serfs
and Slaves

11. Changes in Social and Gender Structure
Women’s emancipation movements

12. Political Revolutions and Independence Movements
Latin American Independence Movements
Why?
Simon Bolivar

13. Political Revolutions and Independence Movements
Why Revolution now?
Where?
United States (1776)
France (1789)
Haiti (1803)
Mexico (1910)
China (1911)

14. Political Revolutions and Independence Movements
Haitian Revolution
Toussaint L’Ouverture

15. Political Revolutions and Independence Movements
Mexican Revolution

16. Political Revolutions and Independence Movements
Chinese Revolution
Dr. Sun Yat Sen
Manchus

17. New Political Ideas Rise of Nationalism
Growth of Nation-states/ empires

18. New Political Ideas Movements of Political Reform Jacobins in France
Taiping Rebellion in China

19. New Political Ideas Rise of Democracy and its limitations Reform Women
Racism
Social Darwinism
Herbert Spencer

20. Rise of Western Dominance
Patterns of Expansion
Imperialism and Colonialism
African continent, much of Asia, and Oceania
Ethiopia and Siam
Hawaii and New Zealand

21. Rise of Western Dominance
Scramble for Africa

22. Rise of Western Dominance
Economic, Political, Social, Cultural, & Artistic

23. Rise of Western Dominance
Cultural and Political Reactions to western dominance (reform, resistance, rebellion, racism, nationalism)
Japan– Commodore Perry and Meiji Restoration
Russia– Reforms and Rebellions
Siam and Ethiopia--defensive modernization
China--Boxer Rebellion
Impact of Changing European Ideologies on Colonial Administrations

24. Rise of Western Dominance
Japan– Commodore Perry and Meiji Restoration

25. Rise of Western Dominance
China—Boxer Rebellion

26. Comparisons
Industrial revolution in western Europe and Japan (causes and early phases)
Revolutions (American, French, Haitian, Latin American and Chinese)
Reaction to foreign domination in Ottoman empire, China, India and Japan.

27. Ottomans- 19th century
Young Turk Revolutionaries
The Last Sultans

28. Comparisons Nationalism
Forms of intervention in 19th century Latin America and Africa
Roles and conditions of upper/ middle versus working/ peasant class women in western Europe

29. European women 19th century
Queen Victoria’s
family
British family
in India
Russian peasant family

30. Continuities
Traditional commerce, markets cont’d, new commercial innovations like department stores only controlled 5% of retail commerce
Reactions to Western economic and military pressure were heavily influenced by local traditions
Societies compensated for disruptions by appealing to traditional themes as a source of stability
Ex. Thanksgiving in the US or the importance of the Emperor in Japan