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Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems
Unit 12: Assignment 2 Summary Lesson
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Unit 12: Assignment 2 The Nervous System The Endocrine System
The inter-relationship between the nervous and endocrine system
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Recap of the endocrine system
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Nervous System Central Peripheral Brain/Spinal Cord Cranial/peripheral nerves (reflex actions) Somatic Autonomic Nervous System Nervous System (voluntary actions) (regulatory) Parasympathetic Sympathetic
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Sympathetic Nervous System
Stressful Situations Danger ‘Fight or Flight’ Neurotransmitters: Acetylcholine (Ach) and Noradrenaline. Heart, breathing, vision, muscle activity increases
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Parasympathetic Nervous System
Returns systems to ‘normal’ Relaxes after a stressful situation Neurotransmitter: Acetylcholine. Reduces activity in heart, lungs, muscles, digestive system.
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Heart Sympathetic: Parasympathetic: Increases heart rate
Increases cardiac output Useful in stressful situations to supply blood to muscles for respiration – energy. Parasympathetic: Decreases cardiac output Decreases heart rate Returns heart to normal after stressful situation.
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Salivary Gland Sympathetic: Stimulates amylase production
Increases digestion Facilitates breakdown of starch into glucose Respiration Parasympathetic: Stimulates watery secretions
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Lungs Sympathetic: Relaxes smooth muscles of bronchioles
More air can get into lungs More oxygen for respiration Parasympathetic: Contracts smooth muscle of bronchioles Returns system to normal following high stress.
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Eye Sympathetic: Ciliary muscles in pupil dilate
More light can enter the eye Heightens vision Parasympathetic: Ciliary muscles in pupil constrict Less light can enter the eye
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Adrenaline:
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Fight or Flight Some funny applications of fight or flight:
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Optical illusions
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