1. The Industrial Revolution

2. The Industrial Revolution
Mid 1700’s- 1800’s
Started in England and spread to the rest of the world
Major changes in technology, economy, population, and socioeconomic status
Made huge changes in how people worked.

3. Agricultural Revolution
Prior to the industrial revolution, in the 1700’s, farming methods were improving
Crop rotation, new seeding methods, breeding only the best livestock, technology increased.
Small farmers lost their land due to enclosure movement (large landowners bought up small farms)
Out of work farmers moved to the city to become factory workers.
Led the way for the Industrial Revolution

4. Why did the Industrial Revolution start in England? “CAN BELCH & P”
Climate- damp climate is good
for textile production
Avoided Wars- European wars did not take place on England’s soil.
Natural Resources-coal,water power, iron ore to make tools & buildings.

5. Why did the Industrial Revolution start in England? (Continued)
Banking System- bank loans,investments.
Easier Transportation-by sea, railroads, canals and improved roads.
Labor- steady workforce, people moving to the cities.
Colonies- Britain had colonies from which to take raw materials (like cotton).
Harbors- made it easy for merchants to sell and ship products.
Political Stability- England had political peace and stability, allowing for a focus on industrialization.
***Remember “CAN BELCH & P”

6. Urbanization Urban = Cities
Migration of people to the cities for jobs.
Living Conditions
no sanitary or building codes
Lack of adequate housing, education & police.
Lack of running water & indoor plumbing
Spread of disease

7. Living Conditions

8. Factory System Factories were unsanitary and equipment was unsafe
People worked long hours (14+ hours a day/6 days week)
Workers received very poor wages (especially women & children)
Severe discipline by factory owners
Coal miners lifespan was
generally 10 years shorter on average

10. Child Labor
Children as young as 6 were forced to work hours a day
Received very short breaks if any
Were beaten if they stopped working or got too tired.
Operated large heavy machinery-often injured or killed children