1. WELCOME
@maharudra rakh

2. “Adulteration &Drug Evaluation” E- mail: rmspharma@gmail.com
A SEMINAR ON
“Adulteration &Drug Evaluation”
Presented by
MAHARUDRA S. RAKH
M. PHARM ., M.B.A
E- mail:
PHARMACOGNOSY
First year

3. “Adulteration of crude drugs”
It is the debasement of an article
Adulteration normally involves either incorporation of impurities, removal of part of active constituents of a drug, addition of low grade material or altogether a different material
Adulteration may be broadly defined as admixture or substitution of the genuine crude drug material with spurious, inferior, defective or otherwise useless or harmful substances

4. Adulterant resembles in color, size, and shape of genine drug
Method of adulteration
Accidental adulteration: is due to careless, ignorance or due to lack of knowledgen
Deliberate adulteration: is done to get high price of drug
Adulteration involves following conditions
1. Spoilage 2. Deterioration
3. Inferiority 4. Substitution

5. 1. Substitution of inferior drug
TYPES OF ADULTERATION
1. Substitution of inferior drug
material obtained from inferior commercial varieties is used
e.g. senna, ginger
2. Substitution of exhausted drugs
vegetable residue retains natural appearance of original material
e.g. clove, tea, ginger
3. Substitution with artificially manufactured material
Certain materials are specifically manu­factured artificially so as to simulate the general form and appearance of the genuine drug
e.g. Honey, colve, saffron,

6. 4. Addition of worthless heavy material
adulteration done with very heavy material in order to make heavy profits
e.g. large mass of stone found in liquorice roots,
pieces of limestone in pieces of asafoetida and
lead shots found in opium
5. Substitution by sub-standard commercial varieties
e.g. Capsicum frutescens by Capsicum annum
6. Substitution by Synthetic chemical with chemi. Consti.
e.g. Citral to oil of lemongrass