1. Technical Drawing in Photonics
Lesson 9
Drawing of simple solids. Transformation of a projection plane. Determining the real object dimensions.
Dr. Zsolt István Benkő
TAMOP C-12/1/KONV project
„Preparation of the concerned sectors for educational and R&D activities related to the Hungarian ELI project”

2. x1,2 A” B” C” D” A’ B’ C’ D’ Lesson 9 Technical drawing in Photonics
It is a simple body. It is not possible to tell what it is. Additional information is needed. If the tips are marked this way (ENTER)
Technical drawing in Photonics

3. x1,2 A” B” C” D” D’ C’ B’ A’ Lesson 9 Technical drawing in Photonics
or this way (ENTER) then it is a rectangle.
Technical drawing in Photonics

4. x1,2 A”,D” B”,C” F”,G” E”,H” D’,H’ C’,G’ B’,F’ A’,E’ Lesson 9
If the tips are marked this way then it is a cube.
Or if it is declared to be a cube then no marks are needed.
Technical drawing in Photonics

5. Lesson 9
x1,2
It is a regular pyramid.
Technical drawing in Photonics

6. x1,2 Lesson 9 Technical drawing in Photonics
A cylinder, a cone and a sphere.
Technical drawing in Photonics

7. x1,2 Lesson 9 Technical drawing in Photonics
A rotated pyramid. The 1st view should be drawn first. Then the wireframe of the 2nd view can be drawn.
Technical drawing in Photonics

8. direction of observation
Lesson 9
x1,2
The contour is always visible, it can be drawn. Whether an in inner line is visible or not it can be checked always on the other view. (In this case on the 1st view.) The observer always looks towards the axis. The line which is closer to the observer is visible, the other is not.
direction of observation
Technical drawing in Photonics

9. x1,2 Lesson 9 Technical drawing in Photonics
The visible line can be drawn.
Technical drawing in Photonics

10. x1,2 Lesson 9 Technical drawing in Photonics
The invisible line should be drawn by a dashed line.
Technical drawing in Photonics

11. x1,2 Lesson 9 Technical drawing in Photonics
Finally, the thin line can be erased (it is not a must).
Technical drawing in Photonics

12. Lesson 9
Technical drawing in Photonics

13. x1,2 P’ P” x1,2 P’ P” x1,4 Lesson 9 Technical drawing in Photonics
The transformation of a projection plane is when we simply change our view (reposition the camera). It looks like the object is rotated in space. The projection plane can be transformed only by one at a time. A new axis should be specified. The subscription should show the new view (usually starting from 4th view because the 3rd view has a special location).
Technical drawing in Photonics

14. P” x1,2 x1,4 P’ P(4) Lesson 9 Technical drawing in Photonics
Transformation of a point: an organizer should be drawn to the new axis from the remaining view then the distance of the abandoned view should be transferred to the new view.
P(4)
Technical drawing in Photonics

15. Lesson 9
Technical drawing in Photonics

16. Rectangular prism x1,2 x2,3 x1,2 Cylinder Lesson 9
The 3rd view has a special location: it it always connected to the 2nd view and x2,3 is always perpendicular to x1,2. Sometimes the 3rd view is necessary.
Cylinder
Technical drawing in Photonics

17. x1,2 Lesson 9 Technical drawing in Photonics
Transformation of a projection plane: looks like rotating an object.
Technical drawing in Photonics

18. x1,2 x4,5 x1,4 Lesson 9 Technical drawing in Photonics
1st transformation. 2nd transformation.
Technical drawing in Photonics

19. x4,5 Lesson 9 Technical drawing in Photonics
The final drawing may be rotated.
Technical drawing in Photonics

20. Lesson 9
Technical drawing in Photonics

21. x1,2 Lesson 9 Technical drawing in Photonics
It is a pyramid. The exact size and shape of the triangular sides are not known.
Technical drawing in Photonics

22. x1,2 x2,4 Lesson 9 Technical drawing in Photonics
Every side, edge and angle are shown in the real sizes if they are parallel to a projection plane. So a proper new projection plane should be chosen.
Technical drawing in Photonics

23. x1,2 x2,4 Lesson 9 Technical drawing in Photonics
After the transformation the real sizes and angles could be achieved (red triangle). This method (transformation of a projection plane) can be used to get any real dimension of the body. Only the proper new projection plane should be chosen.
Technical drawing in Photonics

24. Lesson 9
Technical drawing in Photonics

25. Lesson 9
References
Ocskó Gy., Seres F.: Gépipari szakrajz, Skandi-Wald Könyvkiadó, Budapest, 2004
Lőrincz P., Petrich G.: Ábrázoló geometria, Nemzeti Tankönyvkiadó Rt., Budapest, 1998
Pintér M.: AutoCAD tankönyv és példatár, ComputerBooks, Budapest, 2006
Technical drawing in Photonics