1. Get out one sheet of Paper
Step 1: Heading: Subject or Topic
Step 3:
Go back and add headings or questions for the notes that you have taken.
Step 2: Write during lecture/presentation
Notes and Drawings:
-Main ideas
-Key Points
-Important People/Dates
Step Four: Summary
After notes and headings, go back and write a summary of how you would explain this to someone else.
CORNELL NOTES
Abbreviate
Summarize
Pull key information
Question to be answered by notes:
Who were the Black Legislators during reconstruction and how did their role change over time and why?

2. Black Legislators of Georgia

3. Evolution of Black Legislators
In 1867, 32 African Americans were elected to the Georgia General Assembly.
Within days, the were expelled for a variety of reasons:
Judgements on their personal character
Non-resident of county elected in
Framed for unethical practices

4. Evolution of Black Legislators in Georgia
Republican friends of the African American legislators were not numerically strong enough to prevent the expulsion.
When the General Assembly brought the vote to the floor, many Republicans voted with the Democrats to ensure their removal.
Through the eyes of Congress, this proved Georgia remained UNRECONSTRUCTED.
During this time, black political leaders suffered “outrages”
One was removed from his home and beaten for requesting military protection at a Freedman’s school
One was murdered by the KKK
Others accused of rape, murder, use of counterfeit money
Many were constantly harassed by the KKK

5. Camila Massacre of 1868
Phillip Joiner, an ousted representative led a march of over 100 African Americans from Albany to Camila for a Republican Rally.
They were ambushed by local protestors who killed nearly a dozen marchers and wounded more than 30.
Result:
This act of violence intimidated and stopped many African Americans from voting in the 1868 Presidential election
In some places, African American votes were destroyed or changed to Democratic votes (no secret ballot at this time).
This violence and fraud required Georgia to be placed under military rule and Radical Reconstruction.
VIDEO

6. Evolution of Black Legislators
December of 1869: The expelled Black legislators were reinstated
January of 1870: Georgia was readmitted to the Union
One of their most important contributions was their support for free, general, public education.
The legislators were removed from their seats after 1876.
An African American representative was not elected in the Georgia General Assembly for almost 100 years.
Video

7. Cornell Summary:
Go back and organize the information that you recorded by writing in headings or questions in the left hand column of your notes sheet.
Write a SUMMARY paragraph answering the following question with the information you have in your notes.
Who were the Black Legislators during reconstruction and how did their role change over time and why?

8. Redemption and Progressive Era
The term Redemption refers to the overthrow or defeat of Radical Republicans (white and black) by white Democrats, marking the end of the Reconstruction era in the South
The Progressive Era refers to a period of varied reforms that took place throughout the United States over the first two decades of the twentieth century.

10. Redemption/Progression
a. Identify the ways individuals, groups, and events attempted to shape the New South; include the Bourbon Triumvirate, Henry Grady, International Cotton Expositions, and Tom Watson and the Populists.
b. Analyze how rights were denied to African Americans through Jim Crow laws, Plessy v. Ferguson, disenfranchisement, and racial violence, including the 1906 Atlanta Riot.
c. Explain the roles of Booker T. Washington, W. E. B. DuBois, and Alonzo Herndon in advancement of the rights of African Americans in the New South Era.
d. Examine antisemitism and the resistance to racial equality exemplified in the Leo Frank case.