1. Cause & effect

2. Cause = Why something happened
Example: Employees are absent
Why?
Child is sick
Employee is sick
Personal problems – depression, family problems, marriage problems
Lack of motivation

3. Effect = result of what happened
Example: Employees are absent
So what?
Other employees must do more
Lose money and develop financial problems
Could get demoted
Might lose job

5. Words to show causes and effects
Because
Since
Due to
For this reason So
As a result
Therefore
Consequently
Thus

6. Examples
Sarah experienced back pain because she carried boxes incorrectly. effect cause Mario didn’t pay attention to the warning sign, so he tripped on the step. cause effect Martha spilled coffee on the break room floor. As a result, Joseph slipped. cause effect

7. Childcare
Practice: Label the parts of each sentence with cause and effect.
Because there is no adult sized seating in the preschool, workers experience back pain.
2. Sue cut her hand at work since someone left the paper cutter up.
3. Maria tripped on the toys left on the floor. As a result, she sprained her ankle.
4. Jane lifted the little boy with her back. Consequently, she has lower back pain.
5. The electrical cords in the front office weren’t secured, so Sandra tripped and fell.

8. Childcare
Practice: Label the parts of each sentence with cause and effect.
Because there is no adult sized seating in the preschool, workers experience back pain.
2. Sue cut her hand at work since someone left the paper cutter up.
3. Maria tripped on the toys left on the floor. As a result, she sprained her ankle.
4. Jane lifted the little boy with her back. Consequently, she has lower back pain.
5. The electrical cords in the front office weren’t secured, so Sandra tripped and fell.

9. CONSTRUCTION
Practice: Label the parts of each sentence with cause and effect.
Because John used the wrong ladder at work, he fell and got hurt.
Since Mario didn’t pay attention to the warning sign, he experienced electrical shock.
Sam didn’t wear protective glasses. As a result, dust got into his eyes.
Ryan forgot his protective gloves. For this reason, he got burns on his hands from the chemicals.
John wasn’t paying attention to his surrounds. Consequently, he tripped and fell on some building materials.

10. CONSTRUCTION
Practice: Label the parts of each sentence with cause and effect.
Because John used the wrong ladder at work, he fell and got hurt.
Since Mario didn’t pay attention to the warning sign, he experienced electrical shock.
Sam didn’t wear protective glasses. As a result, dust got into his eyes.
Ryan forgot his protective gloves. For this reason, he got burns on his hands from the chemicals.
John wasn’t paying attention to his surrounds. Consequently, he tripped and fell on some building materials.

11. AUTO
Practice: Label the parts of each sentence with cause and effect.
Because Sam forgot to dispose of the oily rags in the garage, a fire suddenly started.
Since John left the jack stand handle down, Sam tripped and fell.
Sam left his tools all over the garage floor. As a result, John tripped and fell.
Sam didn’t wear protective gloves at work. Consequently, he got chemical burns on his hands.
Because John didn’t clean up the oil that spilled on the ground, Sam slipped and fell.

12. AUTO
Practice: Label the parts of each sentence with cause and effect.
Because Sam forgot to dispose of the oily rags in the garage, a fire suddenly started.
Since John left the jack stand handle down, Sam tripped and fell.
Sam left his tools all over the garage floor. As a result, John tripped and fell.
Sam didn’t wear protective gloves at work. Consequently, he got chemical burns on his hands.
Because John didn’t clean up the oil that spilled on the ground, Sam slipped and fell.

13. BUSINESS
Practice: Label the parts of each sentence with cause and effect.
Because Sally forgot to put the paper cutter down, John cut his hand in the office.
Since John stacked boxes too high in the break room, they fell on top of Sally.
Sam left his bottom cabinet drawer open. As a result, John tripped and fell.
Sally didn’t clean the cup of coffee she spilled in the break room, so John slipped and fell.
Because John didn’t adjust his desk chair, he injured his back.

14. BUSINESS
Practice: Label the parts of each sentence with cause and effect.
Because Sally forgot to put the paper cutter down, John cut his hand in the office.
Since John stacked boxes too high in the break room, they fell on top of Sally.
Sam left his bottom cabinet drawer open. As a result, John tripped and fell.
Sally didn’t clean the cup of coffee she spilled in the break room, so John slipped and fell.
Because John didn’t adjust his desk chair, he injured his back.

15. FINISH THE SENTENCES. cHILDCARE
Because there is no hand soap in the employee bathroom,
Since the bottom drawer of the cabinet was left open,
Someone stacked a lot of boxes in the copy room,
All of the scissors are thrown into the supply drawer.
Because Araceli bent down quickly to pick up the child,

16. FINISH THE SENTENCES. construction
Because there are electrical wires all over the ground,
Since John didn’t wear a hard hat to the construction site,
Because someone stacked a lot of boxes in the office too high,
The steel piping for the construction job is hanging over the office door.
Because Sam bent down quickly to pick up the bag of concrete,

17. FINISH THE SENTENCES. auto
Because there are extension cords all over the ground,
John didn’t wear protective glasses during the engine removal.
Since Sam didn’t lock the flammable materials in the cabinet,
John lifted the tires with his back.
Sam stacked boxes too high in the break room.

18. FINISH THE SENTENCES. business
Because there are electrical cords all over the ground,
John didn’t ask his supervisor for an adjustable chair when his chair broke.  
Since Sam put all the delivery boxes in front of the fire exit,
John lifted the boxes with his back.
Sally stacked a large amount of paper supplies at the top of the cabinet.