1. Ana Maria Coelho

2. Expressing future actions
will + infinitive
be + going to + infinitive
be + ing form
simple present form
Be about to + infinitive
Will Future Going to Future Present Continuous Present Simple

3. Future with will Making a spontaneous decision
You don’t remember this. Ok, I’ll explain it again.
Future as an inevitable fact.
The world population will reach 8 billion in 2024.
The effects of climate change will become irreversible
To make requests, promises and offers
Will you keep quiet, please?
Don’t worry! I’ll help you.
Ana Maria Coelho

4. BE GOING TO We use it to… express a future intention or plan.
World leaders are going to meet again in April.
something you see coming (evidence)
As all the others before, this agreement is going to fail.
Ana Maria Coelho

5. Present continuous & simple
Future arrangements
They are meeting again in the evening.
Timetables and schedules
The summit begins at
Ana Maria Coelho

6. will have vanished as well.
At this rate Arctic Sea ice will have disappeared by the end of this decade.
By that time the Alps snow…
will have vanished as well.
Ana Maria Coelho

7. In about 100 years from now most temperate regions will be facing severe drought and...
a lot of species…
will be dying.
Ana Maria Coelho

8. be submerged by the rising oceans.
Many coastal areas will…
be submerged by the rising oceans.
Ana Maria Coelho

9. Can you identify the following tenses?
According to predictions…
The Artic ice will disappear within a few years.
In 2030 we will be travelling in self-diving cars.
By the end of this century half of the living species will have become extinct.
By the end of this century humans will have been living on this planet for 200,000 years.
Ana Maria Coelho

10. Future simple Future Continuous Future Perfect Future perfect continuous
Predicting the future
Ana Maria Coelho
Ana Maria Coelho

11. Future Continuous will be + -ing form
Use: activity in progress at a future point in time
now
January
In about 13 years we’ll be running out of oil.
In 2035 you’ll be approaching your 40s.
Ana Maria Coelho

12. What will your life be like in 2030? What will you be doing then?
date a millionaire
work abroad
complete my PhD.
raise a family.
travel to Mars on vacation. …
Ana Maria Coelho

13. Future Perfect will have + past participle
An action completed in the future
now
By 2030 the world population will have reached 8 billion.
By that time scientists will have improved the cloning techniques and brought T-Rex back to life.
Ana Maria Coelho

14. Future perfect By 2030 what will have happened?
I think that by extraterrestrials will have made contact.
…women will have become the dominant sex.
…a computer will have been elected PM.
…genetic engineers will have designed a different animal.
…schools will have been abolished.
…traffic police will have been replaced by robots.
Ana Maria Coelho
Ana Maria Coelho

15. Predicting the future
In about six months we will be enjoying / will have enjoyed our summer holiday.
No way! At that time I will be studying / will have studied for the Chemistry exam.
I’m sure you will be finishing / will have finished all the exams by the end of June.
By the end of 2018 you will be graduating / will have already graduated from high school.
By 2020 we will be finding / will have already found our first job.
Ana Maria Coelho

16. Other forms of refering to the future
be about + infinitive: Something that will happen very soon.
A:“Can you help me?” B: “Sorry, but I’m about to leave.
is/are to + infinitive: Formal instructions and orders.
“This medicine is to be taken after meals.”
be due to + infinitive: Something that is expected or planned to happen at a certain time.
“This train is due to arrive at Glasgow Central at ”
Ana Maria Coelho