1. The Ottoman Empire

2. The Ottomans were: Turkish speaking from Central Asia Muslim
The last great Islamic empire in the world ( )

3. Osman I (1280-1324) founded Ottomans
Sultan Mehmet II (1400): conquered Constantinople – renamed Istanbul – ended Byzantine Empire

6. What was the source of Ottoman power?

7. 1. Control of Trade
Location
Control of the Waterways

9. 2. Wealth from trade

11. 3. Superior technology (the benefit of diffusion)

12. Golden Age
Sultan Suleiman I
( )

13. Living in the
Ottoman Empire
Pros and Cons
(see chart)

14. Living in the Ottoman Empire
Directions: Create a chart of pros and cons about living in the Ottoman Empire using p and Ottomans, The New Champions of Islam Handout.
Pros
Cons

15. Sultan Suleiman I Magnificent or Lawgiver
skillful gov’t, bureaucracy
Shariah - Timar
Reforms to improve gov’t, justice and economy
Tolerance -
millets: non-Muslim communities
Improved lives of slaves
art, literature, architecture
“Turkish style” (minarets)
Janizary - Devshirme
Prosperous people=more taxes
Social Structure – set
Men of the Pen
Men of the Sword
Ruled with absolute power
By 1540 rule ½ “civilized world”
decline = inflation/poverty capitulations

16. Suleymaniye Mosque
Istanbul, Turkey

17. Currently a Museum, formerly an Imperial Mosque (1453–1931) and Roman Catholic Cathedral (1204–1261); originally constructed as an Eastern Orthodox Cathedral (562–1204, 1261–1453).
Hagia Sophia, Istanbul 

18. The "Blue Mosque" of Sultan Amet I in Istanbul, Turkey
The "Blue Mosque" of Sultan Amet I in Istanbul, Turkey. It was designed by the architect Mehemed Aja and built between 1609 and 1616 A.D. The sultan wanted his mosque to rival, if not surpass, the splendor of Hagia Sophia. This gem of Islamic architecture is known as the "Blue Mosque" because of the use of that color in the tiles and frescoes that decorate its interior walls. It has six minarets, a unique configuration.

19. Chief Rivals: Safavids
Abbas the Great (shah) 1587 – 1629
Persia (present day Iran) Capital: Isfahan
welcomed outside influence
Trade and commerce
Disputes:
Control of Mesopotamia
Religious:
Safavids: Shiite
Ottomans: Sunni
(Safavid from Islam DVD)

20. Ottoman Empire in Decline The Europeans destroyed their strengths.

21. Ottoman Strength #1: Control of trade.
Europeans broke this strength by going around Africa and gaining control of trade. All water route

23. Ottoman Strength #2: Wealth
Discovery of the Americas = fantastic wealth for Europe from Aztec and Inca gold and silver.

24. Ottoman Strength #3: Technology
The industrial revolution surpassed the Ottoman superiority in technology
especially in production of weapons

25. The Empire Ends Three reasons:

26. Nationalism: People ruled by the Ottomans wanted independence (Internal Force)
Europeans: Serbs, Croats, Bulgarians, Greeks.
Arabs

27. 2. European Imperialism (External Force)
Industrial revolution = need for raw materials
European industries wanted new markets
Large Military forces to control trade = Navy

28. 3. Competition between European nations led to WWI in 1914

29. Causes of WWI 1914-1918 Competition for Colonies
Rise of Nationalism in Europe
Competition for Colonies
Arms races and militarism
Alliances

30. The Ottomans sided with Central Powers (Germany) and lost.

31. The Ottoman Empire along with its Arab territories were divided up between Great Britain and France.(mandates) Sykes-Picot Agreement

32. Mandates
A territory administered but not owned by a member of the League of Nations.

33. Turkey becomes a nation (1923) Treaty of Lausanne