2. INTRO TO CHEM. Basic Chemistry
Spring 2012

3. DEMONSTRATION IN YOUR NOTEBOOK: Describe what you are witnessing.
Explain what you saw – ie; what was that stuff? What scientific process did you witness?

4. DRY ICE
Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide. Instead of melting, dry ice turns directly into carbon dioxide gas.
It is -110 degrees F ( -78 degrees C). It must be handled using gloves or tongs, as it will cause severe burns if it comes in contact with your skin. Never put dry ice into your mouth.
When you drop a piece of dry ice in a bucket of water, the gas that you see is a combination of carbon dioxide and water vapor. So, the gas that you see is actually a cloud of tiny water droplets. –
See more at:

5. Objectives: Lesson 1 States of Matter
We will be exploring states of matter, the energy required to change the state of matter and completing phase diagrams.

6. Warm up Quiz 1. When a solid changes to a liquid it is called what?
2. True or false? Liquids are easy to compress.
3. When a gas changes into a liquid it is called what?
4. True or false? The particles of a gas are packed tightly together.
5. When solids reach their melting points they become what?
6. True or false? Plasma is a state of matter.
7. When a gas reaches its condensation point it becomes a what?
8. True or false? Solids do not take the shape of the container they are in.
9. What is it called when a solid changes directly into a gas?
10. True or false? Gases are hard to compress.

7. States of Matter Quiz Answers
1. Melting
2. False
3. Condensation
4. False
5. Liquids
6. True
7. Liquid
8. True
9. Sublimation
10. False

8. States of Matter There are four main states of matter. Solids Liquids
Gases
Plasmas

9. Phase changes are dependent upon what?
ENERGY

10. What changes the states of matter?
ENERGY - A change (addition or subtraction) of energy is needed for matter to change state.

11. So Phase change IS CAUSED BY +/- AN ADDITION OR SUBTRACTION OF ENERGY!
A "phase" describes a physical state of matter. Things only move from one phase to another by physical means.
If energy is added (like increasing the temperature) or if energy is taken away (like freezing something), you have created a physical change. 

12. Quick Quiz What are the 4 states of matter?
What do you need to add or subtract to change the state of matter?
What substance was used in yesterdays demo?
What phase change did you witness?

13. VIDEOS PLASMA video States of matter 4 Video
Try Phase Diagram Worksheet for tomorrow

14. Review Comprehension Check today
Warm up quiz from slide 5, have phase diagram for them to work with and hw sheet

15. Warm up Quiz 1. When a solid changes to a liquid it is called what?
2. True or false? Liquids are easy to compress.
3. When a gas changes into a liquid it is called what?
4. True or false? The particles of a gas are packed tightly together.
5. When solids reach their melting points they become what?
6. True or false? Plasma is a state of matter.
7. When a gas reaches its condensation point it becomes a what?
8. True or false? Solids do not take the shape of the container they are in.
9. What is it called when a solid changes directly into a gas?
10. True or false? Gases are hard to compress.

17. SOLID
Molecules VIBRATE
No space between molecules
LOW ENERGY

18. LIQUID Molecules vibrate, rotate and roll past each other
Some space between molecules
Moderate Energy

19. GAS
Molecules moving freely
Lots of space between
High Energy

20. Plasma Super heated gas Electrons Moving independently
Exceptionally High Energy
Plasma exists in the Ionosphere (Aurora Borealis)

21. Phase Diagrams
Let's see...

23. ANSWERS TO WORKSHEET #1
Critical Point of Compound X is ~780ᵒ C ( this is the last extent on graph, where gas cannot be liquefied no matter what)
In your closet – assume room temperature ~77ᵒ F STAP, or (77ᵒ-32) X 5/9=, 25ᵒ C so it’s a GAS
Triple point at 350ᵒ C and 51 atm
Start w a solid and after increase of temp. it becomes a gas – IT SUBLIMES (sublimation).
Its is a GAS or SOLID at 200ᵒC – not found as a liquid at that temp.
No, you can’t drink it unless you can withstand temperatures of 350ᵒC or higher! (It is not found as a liquid at temperatures acceptable to human life)

24. In class worksheet #2 Phase Diagram
DO worksheet now –
I will be walking around to help
Turn in at the end of class or tomorrow if you need more time.

25. Monday Lesson 2 - Review Phase Diagram WKSHT
Atoms, elements and the Periodic Table