1. Teaching Reading
主讲人：张敬彩 1

2. ? Major contents skills involved in reading? principles What do people
common types
of activities
How do people
read? ?

3. ? Major contents How do people read? skills involved in reading?
principles
What do people
read?
How do people
read?
common types
of activities? ?

4. Intensive reading
It is accuracy-oriented. (for detail)

5. How do we read? reading aloud vs. silent reading skills involved
management
in the
classroom
speed 1 2 3 4 5 6
manner
purpose
activity type

6. How do we read? ！
What do effective readers do?

7. ? Major Contents What do people read? What are the skills involved in
reading?
What are the
principles
for teaching
reading?
What are the
common types
of activities in
teaching reading?
How do people
read? ?

8. What do people read? In ESL/EFL textbooks:
literary texts & simulated texts
vs.
genuine authentic materials
—— Supplementary reading materials are needed.

9. What do people read?
Different types of texts require different reading skills and strategies.

10. ? Major contents skills involved in reading What are the principles
for teaching
reading?
What do people
read?
What are the
common types
of activities in
teaching reading?
How do people
read? ?

11. Two broad levels of reading
a cognitive task of interpreting the visual info. 1
2 levels of reading
visual signals from the eyes 2

12. ！ ！ Skills in reading comprehension Specify a reading purpose.
Plan the next step(s).
Preview the passage.
Predict the content of the passage.
Check predictions.
Skim the passage for the main idea.
Scan the passage for specific info.
Ask questions about the text.

13. ！ ！ Skills in reading comprehension Find answers to the Qs.
Connect the passage to background knowledge.
Summarize info.
Make inferences.
Analyze text structure.
Reread.
Guess the meaning of a new word from the context.

14. ！ ！ Skills in reading comprehension
Use discourse markers to see relationships.
Check comprehension.
Identify difficulties.
Correct false comprehensions.
Criticize the author and the text.
Judge how well the objectives are met.
Reflect on what is learnt from the text.

15. ? Major contents principles What are the skills involved in reading?
What do people
read?
What are the
common types
of activities in
teaching reading?
How do people
read? ?

16. 1 2 3 4 5 Principles and models Principles
Selected texts should be accessible to ss. 2
Motivating tasks given clearly in advance. 3
Tasks help develop ss’reading skills
Principles
Encourage ss. to use reading strategies. 4 5
Help ss. to become independent readers.

17. Principles and models Model Bottom-up model
Follows a linear process 1
From recognition of letters-words-
phrases-sentences-paragraphs-meaning of the whole text
Model 1
Bottom-up model
All new words, phrases and structures should be learnt
and read aloud.
Belief 2

18. Principles and models Model Top-down model
Reading is “a psycholinguistic
guessing game.”
(Goodman, 1967) 1
Model 2
Top-down model
Teachers should teach the background knowledge first. 2

19. Principles and models Model Interactive model
Reading is interaction between
the reader and the writer. 1
Model 3
Interactive model
Teachers should integrate top-down and bottom-up models. 2

20. Principles and models Interactive model
Reading is an interactive process.
It takes three stages：
pre-reading, while-reading and post-reading.

21. ? Major contents common types of activities? What are the skills
involved in
reading?
What are the
principles
for teaching
reading?
common types
of activities?
How do people
read? ?

22. While-reading activities
Common types of activities
Pre-reading
activities
While-reading activities
Post-reading
activities

23. Pre-reading activities
To arouse readers’interest
in the subject matter 1
Reasons
To create expectations 2

24. Pre-reading activities
Things to be done 1 2 3
Pool existing knowledge of
the topic
Predict the content of the text
Skim or scan the text or part of it

25. Pre-reading activities
title
Predicting
based on
vocabulary
T/F questions

26. Pre-reading activities
Get the ss familiar with the relevant
cultural background knowledge.
Predicting
Relate what ss. already know to
what they want to know.

27. Pre-reading activities
Ask 1-2 general questions.
Provide 3-4 statements
representing the main idea.
Skimming
Suggestions
Provide subtitles and ask ss. to put them in the right place.

28. Pre-reading activities
for specific info.
Scanning
for vocabulary
for structures

29. Pre-reading activities
Set a time limit.
Give clear instructions.
Scanning
Suggestions
Wait until 70% of ss. finish.
Make clear how to get feedback.
Answers to questions should be
scattered but not clustered.

30. While-reading activities
information transfer activities
visualization devices
transition devices

31. While-reading activities
Reading comprehension questions
Qs for literal comprehension
Qs involving reorganization or reinterpretation
Qs for inferences
Qs for evaluation or appreciation
Qs for personal response
Qs for understanding references

32. Post-reading activities
Tasks in ~ should
Provide ss with opportunities to relate what they have read to what they already know or what they feel.
Enable ss to produce language based on what they have learned.

33. Post-reading activities
Discussion
Retelling
Role-play
summarizing
Post-reading activities
Gap-filling
Writing

34. Teaching Reading
主讲人：张敬彩