1. WHAP
Egyptians

2. Egyptian civilization
3100 BCE -525 BCE (Conquered by Persians)
River Valley (irrigation) Nile used for trade, transportation (current north, winds south)
Isolated (surrounded by desert= protection)
Seasonal flooding
Long distance trade in Mediterranean sea, traded gold, linens, leather, silver for ebony, ivory,cattle, slaves and cosmetics

3. Egypt Map

4. Egyptian Civilization
Pharaoh- considered a god and king (theocracy)
Their word is law- considered to be reincarnations of sky god Horus, maintain the ma'at (divinely controlled order of the universe)
Egypt centralized government (all power to pharaoh) governors and other other officials carry on public works

5. Egypt, Horus (pictured)
Menes- believed to be first pharaoh (3100BCE)

6. Egypt Political
Old Kingdom ( BCE) Pharaohs most powerful, strong economy, first great pyramid built. Collapse due to drought, famine and rise of noble class authority.
Middle Kingdom ( BCE) extensive trade, small middle class of merchants and officials develop, focus on art and religion, period ends with being conquered by the Hyksos (modern day Turkey) due to technology (horse drawn chariots, etc.)

7. Egypt
New Kingdom ( BCE) Princes from Thebes regain control, period of aggressive expansion ( Syria, Palestine, Nubia) weakened by invasions (Kushites, Assyrians) leads to collapse
Social mobility possible (military, bureaucracy)
Slaver existed on small scale (debtors, p.o.w.)
Patriarchy- society dominated by men but women status higher than other ancient civilizations (female Pharaoh Hatsheput BCE) could own property, divorce, pursue legal disputes,etc.

8. Map, Hatsheput

9. Egypt Religion, Technology
Hieroglyphics- picture writing system written on papyrus
Amon-Re- Sun God
Pharoah Ahkenaten- attempted to convert Egypt to montheism, worship of god Aten (supreme God)
Isis- Goddess of the Nile & fertility
Osiris- ruler of the afterlife
Book of the Dead- funereal rituals (read excerpt The Negative Confession
Mummification- body preservation

10. Hieroglyphics, Amun-Re, Isis, Osiris