1. Agenda Collating sequence / Sorting data
Selection (Logic) Infinite Loops n!!Not me!
Case statements
Iteration
Manipulating / selecting data in variables
STRISDB also see handout

2. Sorting on the AS/400 EBCDIC Sort
(Collating sequence)
1. Blanks
2. Special Characters
3. Lower Case Letters
4. Upper Case Letters
5. Numbers

3. Selection

4. Selection
Condition?
Statement2
Statement1

5. Relational Operators

6. Selection
IF Condition THEN
Statement(s)
ELSE
END-IF

7. If-Then-Else A = 10 B = 20 If A > B THEN MOVE B TO A ELSE
MOVE A TO B.

8. If-Then-Else
A = 10
B = 20
If (A > B) THEN
MOVE B TO A.

9. If-Then-Else NESTED A = 10 B = 20 C = 30 D = 40 If A < B THEN
IF A > C THEN
MOVE A TO C
ELSE
MOVE C TO A
ENDIF
MOVE A TO B
END-IF.

10. IF-THEN-ELSE Statements
IF MARKS >= 80 THEN
MOVE ‘A’ TO GRADE
ELSE
IF MARKS >= 70 THEN
MOVE ‘B’ TO GRADE
IF MARKS >= 60 THEN
MOVE ‘C’ TO GRADE
IF MARKS >= 55 THEN
MOVE ‘D’ TO GRADE
MOVE ‘F’ TO GRADE
END-IF
ENDIF.

11. Condition Names - 88’s Used with Code Fields
Eg. ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS
Eg. FINAL-GRADE
Eg. Indicators

12. Condition Names 01 ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS PIC X(3) VALUE ‘YES’.
88 THERE-ARE-MORE-RECORDS VALUE ‘YES’.
88 END-OF-FILE VALUE ‘NO’.
IF THERE-ARE-MORE-RECORDS
READ EMPLOYEE-FILE.
IF END-OF-FILE
PERFORM TERMINATION-RTN.

13. Set Verb Used to initialize fields to a Condition-Name.
01 ARE-THERE-MORE-RECORDS PIC X(3).
88 THERE-ARE-MORE-RECORDS VALUE ‘YES’.
88 END-OF-FILE VALUE ‘NO’.
SET END-OF-FILE TO TRUE.

14. Conditions Cont’d 01 WORK-DAYS PIC X(3). 88 MONDAY VALUE ‘MON’.
88 TUESDAY VALUE ‘TUE’.
88 WEDNESDAY VALUE ‘WED’.
88 THURSDAY VALUE ‘THU’
88 FRIDAY VALUE ‘FRI’.
SET MONDAY TO TRUE.
IF FRIDAY
DISPLAY ‘GO HOME EARLY’.

15. Conditions Cont’d 01 FALL-MONTHS PIC X(3). 88 SEPTEMBER VALUE ‘SEP’.
88 OCTOBER VALUE ‘OCT’.
88 NOVEMBER VALUE ‘NOV’.
88 DECEMBER VALUE ‘DEC’.
IF OCTOBER
DISPLAY ‘HAPPY HALLOWEEN!!’
SET DECEMBER TO TRUE.

16. Option Indicators and Conditions
01 WS-indicators.
05 IN90 INDICATOR 90 PIC 1.
88 display-message value B’1’.
88 dont-display-message value B’0’.
Set display-message to true.
Set dont-display-message to true.
If display-message
If don’t-display-message
If not display-message

17. Response Indicators and Conditions
01 WS-Control.
05 ws-function-key pic x(2).
88 F3 value ’03’
88 F12 value ’12’.
88 Enter value ’00’
05 ws-device-name pic x(10).
05 ws-record-format pic x(10).
If F3
If not F3

18. Selection Statements

19. Sign Test A = 10 B = -10 If A IS NEGATIVE IF A IS POSITIVE
MOVE B TO A MOVE B TO A
ELSE ELSE
MOVE A TO B MOVE A TO B.

20. Sign Test A = 10 B = -10 If A IS NEGATIVE IF A IS POSITIVE
MOVE B TO A MOVE B TO A
ELSE ELSE
MOVE A TO B MOVE A TO B.

21. Numeric Test
A = 10 B = -10
If A IS NUMERIC
ADD A TO B.

22. Alphabetic Test C = ‘CJ’ D = ‘Christy’ If C is ALPHABETIC THEN
MOVE C TO OLDER-SISTER
ELSE
MOVE D TO OLDER-SISTER
END-IF

23. Alphabetic-Upper Test
C = ‘CJ’ D = ‘Christy’
If C is ALPHABETIC-UPPER THEN
MOVE C TO OLDER-SISTER
ELSE
MOVE D TO OLDER-SISTER
END-IF

24. Alphabetic-Lower Test
C = ‘CJ’ D = ‘Christy’
If D is ALPHABETIC-LOWER THEN
MOVE D TO OLDER-SISTER
ELSE
MOVE C TO OLDER-SISTER
END-IF

25. AND

26. OR

27. AND/OR Order of Operations
Brackets First
ANDs (From Left to Right)
ORs (From Left to Right)

28. ANDs/ORs
A = 10 B = -10 C = 20
If (A<B) OR (B<C) AND (A<C) THEN
MOVE A TO C
ELSE
MOVE A TO B
END-IF

29. Replacing nested IF’s with
Case Statements
Replacing nested IF’s with
“CASE” statements

30. IF-THEN-ELSE Statements
IF MARKS >= 80 THEN
MOVE ‘A’ TO GRADE
ELSE
IF MARKS >= 70 THEN
MOVE ‘B’ TO GRADE
IF MARKS >= 60 THEN
MOVE ‘C’ TO GRADE
IF MARKS >= 55 THEN
MOVE ‘D’ TO GRADE
MOVE ‘F’ TO GRADE
END-IF
ENDIF.

31. CASE Statements EVALUATE TRUE WHEN MARKS >= 80 MOVE ‘A’ TO GRADE
WHEN MARKS >= 70 AND MARKS < 80 MOVE ‘B’ TO GRADE
WHEN MARKS >= 60 AND MARKS < MOVE ‘C’ TO GRADE
WHEN MARKS >= 55 AND MARKS < MOVE ‘D’ TO GRADE
WHEN OTHER MOVE ‘F’ TO GRADE
END-EVALUATE.

32. CASE Statements EVALUATE GRADE WHEN ‘A’ DISPLAY ‘WONDERFUL!!!!’
WHEN ‘B’ DISPLAY ‘GREAT!!!’
WHEN ‘C’ DISPLAY ‘NEED ANY HELP?’
WHEN ‘D’ DISPLAY ‘COME AND SEE ME!’
WHEN ‘F’ DISPLAY ‘SEE YOU NEXT SEMESTER’
[WHEN OTHER DISPLAY ‘WE HAVE A PROBLEM!’]
END-EVALUATE.

33. Problem FILENAME is a 10 character field in the file, FILELIST.
FILELIST is a Physical file that contains a record for each of the physical files in QGPL.
You are required to write a COBOL program that prints all of the files listed in FILELIST.
What COBOL statement would list all of the Files in QGPL that start with ‘CHAP’?

34. Iteration
Looping / repetition

35. Perform Statement COBOL’s version of the execute sub-routine command.
Works as follows:
Goto the start of a paragraph.
Repeat in sequence, all of the statements in the paragraph as many times as required.
UNTIL Clause
Return to the calling statement.

36. PERFORM STATEMENT Basic Format: PERFORM paragraph-name. ====
Perform executes a group of statements within the paragraph ‘paragraph-name’
Then, control comes back to the next statement following the perform

37. Basic PERFORM READ Emp-File PERFORM DSP-Rtn STOP RUN DSP-RTN
move emp-in to emp-out.
write dsp-record
format is ‘SCREEN’.
read dsp-file record.

38. PERFORM STATEMENT PERFORM HEADER-LINE =======================
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
00-MAIN.
OPEN INPUT PAYROLL-FILE
OUTPUT PRINT-FILE.
READ PAYROLL-FILE
AT END MOVE 'N' TO EOF-FLAG
END-READ.
PERFORM HEADER-LINE
PERFORM PROCESS-RECORDS
UNTIL EOF-FLAG = 'N'.
=======================
HEADER-LINE.
MOVE HEADING-LINE TO PRINT-LINE.
WRITE PRINT-LINE.

39. Iteration Statement to Use?
Perform Until
Tests for the condition first
Statements are executed only if the condition is true
Perform With Test After
tests for the condition last
Statements are always executed at least once

40. PERFORM Until
PERFORM paragraph-name
UNTIL Condition

41. PERFORM Until
Condition
Met?
YES NO
Execute
Program
Statements

42. PERFORM….UNTIL STATEMENT
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
00-MAIN. :
PERFORM PROCESS-RECORDS
UNTIL EOF-FLAG = 'N'.
=======================
PROCESS-RECORDS.
MOVE EMP-NAME TO DET-NAME
MOVE EMP-HOURS TO DET-HOURS
COMPUTE DET-PAY = EMP-HOURS * EMP-RATE
MOVE DETAIL-LINE TO PRINT-LINE
WRITE PRINT-LINE
READ PAYROLL-FILE
AT END MOVE 'N' TO EOF-FLAG
END-READ.

43. PERFORM Until READ Emp-File AT END Move ‘YES’ TO EOF.
PERFORM Dsp-Rtn UNTIL EOF = ‘Y’
STOP RUN
DSP-RTN
move emp-in to emp-out.
write dsp-record
format is ‘SCREEN’.
read dsp-file RECORD.
read emp-file
at end
move ‘YES’ to EOF.

44. Iteration Statement to Use?
Perform X Times
Use this when you know the number of times the paragraph(s) are to be executed.

45. PERFORM X Times PERFORM (paragraph-name) THROUGH/THRU (paragraph-name)
(integer/variable) TIMES

46. PERFORM X Times
Number of
Times Met?
YES NO
Execute
Program
Statements

47. PERFORM X Times READ Emp-File AT END Move ‘YES’ TO EOF.
PERFORM Dsp-Rtn
5 TIMES
STOP RUN
DSP-RTN
move emp-in to emp-out.
write dsp-record
format is ‘SCREEN’.
read dsp-file record.

48. PERFORM With Test After
PERFORM (paragraph-name) THROUGH/THRU (paragraph-name)
WITH TEST AFTER
UNTIL Condition

49. PERFORM With Test After
Execute
Program
Statements
Condition
Met?
YES NO

50. PERFORM With Test After
READ Emp-File
AT END Move ‘YES’ TO EOF.
PERFORM Dsp-Rtn
WITH TEST AFTER
UNTIL EOF = ‘Y’
STOP RUN
DSP-RTN
move emp-in to emp-out.
write dsp-record
format is ‘SCREEN’.
read dsp-file record.
read emp-file
AT END
MOVE ‘YES’ TO EOF.

51. PERFORMs within PERFORMs
READ Emp-File
AT END Move ‘YES’ TO EOF.
PERFORM DSP-Rtn UNTIL 5 TIMES
STOP RUN
DSP-RTN
MOVE EMP-IN TO EMP-OUT.
PERFORM Write-Rtn

52. Moving Data & Text Manipulation
Chapter 6
Moving Data & Text Manipulation

53. Fun with Functions
ILEFUNCT

54. System Date
Function current-date
Function convert-date-time

55. Display file ‘Both’ Fields
Input and Output buffers
REDEFINES clause
Different data specifications for same memory location
Screens with both fields need an input and an output buffer.

56. Used to Concatenate character strings together.
STRING Statement
Used to Concatenate character strings together.

57. STRING Statement STRING
Variable/Constant DELIMITED BY {Variable/Constant/SIZE)
INTO variable
END-STRING

58. STRING Statement Rules
DELIMITED BY required
Receiving field must be an elementary data (not a group item) element with no editing symbols
All literals must be alphanumeric
String moves data from left-right but does not pad with blanks

59. STRING Statement STRING first-name DELIMITED BY ‘ ‘
last-name DELIMITED BY ‘ ‘
INTO full-name
END-STRING
first-name last-name full-name
‘Cindy‘ ‘Laurin-Moogk’

60. STRING Statement ‘Cindy ‘ ‘Laurin-Moogk ‘
STRING first-name DELIMITED BY ‘ ‘
‘ ‘ DELIMITED BY SIZE
last-name DELIMITED BY ‘ ‘
INTO full-name
END-STRING
first-name last-name full-name
‘Cindy ‘ ‘Laurin-Moogk ‘

61. STRING Statement MOVE ‘XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX’ TO full-name.
STRING first-name DELIMITED BY ‘ ‘
‘ ‘ DELIMITED BY SIZE
last-name DELIMITED BY ‘ ‘
INTO full-name
END-STRING
first-name last-name full-name
‘Cindy ‘ ‘Laurin-Moogk ‘ ‘Cindy Laurin-MoogkXXXXX’

62. We can concatenate strings together using the String Verb.
Wouldn’t it be nice if we could parse a string into other strings?

63. UNSTRING Verb!! UNSTRING Variable DELIMITED BY Variable/Constant/SIZE
INTO variable1 variable2 variable3
END-UNSTRING

64. UNSTRING 01 Name-In-Pieces. 05 Last-Name PIC X(16).
05 First-Name PIC X(10).
05 Middle-Initial PIC X.
01 Entire-Name PIC X(31)
VALUE ‘Cindy M Laurin-Moogk’.
UNSTRING Entire-Name DELIMITED BY ‘ ‘
INTO First-Name Middle-Initial Last-Name.

65. UNSTRING 01 Name-In-Pieces. 05 Last-Name PIC X(16).
05 First-Name PIC X(10).
05 Middle-Initial PIC X.
01 Entire-Name PIC X(31)
VALUE ‘Eddie Laurin’.
UNSTRING Entire-Name DELIMITED BY ‘ ‘
INTO First-Name Middle-Initial Last-Name.

66. UNSTRING 01 Name-In-Pieces. 05 Last-Name PIC X(16).
05 First-Name PIC X(10).
05 Middle-Initial PIC X.
01 Entire-Name PIC X(31)
VALUE ‘Cindy M Laurin Moogk’
UNSTRING Entire-Name DELIMITED BY ‘ ‘
INTO First-Name Middle-Initial Last-Name.

67. Next Class Work on Assignment 1 Do your readings per the text book.
Due end of this week!!!!!!
Do your readings per the text book.