1. Organizational Culture
Program for dagen:
Gennemgang af teori!
Arbejde med KA 1

2. What is Organizational Culture?
Shared values, beliefs, norms
influence the way employees think, feel, and behave towards each other and towards people outside the organization
Pattern of shared basic assumptions 2

3. Building Blocks of Organizational Culture
Characteristics of people within the organization
Organizational ethics
Employment relationship
Organizational structure
National culture 3

4. Types Terminal (målorienterede) Instrumental (procesorienterede)
What are Organizational Values?
Types
Terminal (målorienterede)
Instrumental (procesorienterede) 4

5. Terminal and Instrumental Values
Terminal (mål)
Quality
Responsibility
Innovativeness
Excellence
Economy
Morality
Profitability
Instrumental (metoder)
Working hard
Respecting traditions
Respecting authority
Being conservative
Being frugal
Being creative
Being honest 5

6. Terminal and Instrumental Values
Organizational Values
Terminal
Values
Instrumental
Values
Specific norms,
rules and SOPs
(Standard Operating Procedings) 6

7. Ways of Transmitting Organizational Culture
Formal socialization
practices
Ceremonial
Rites
and
Ceremonies
The
organizational
language
Employees
learn
through:
Signs, symbols, stories 7

8. Ceremonial Rites Rites of passage Rites of integration
Rites of enhancement 8

9. Where an Organization’s Culture Comes From
Characteristics of People
Within Organization
Organizational
Ethics
Nature of
Employment
Relationship
Organizational
Culture
Design of
Organizational Structure 9

10. Organizational Ethics
Sources of Organizational Ethics
Organizational Ethics
Societal
Ethics
Professional
Ethics
Individual
Ethics 10

11. Adaptive versus Inert(lukkede) Cultures
Adaptive Cultures
Values and norms help organization build momentum, grow, and change to achieve goals
Investment in employees
Merit rewards
Inert Cultures
Values and norms fail to motivate or inspire employees
Stagnation
Minimal investment in employees
Little incentive for improvement 11

12. Hofstede’s Model of National Culture
Dimensions
Individualism vs Collectivism
Power Distance
Achievement vs Nurturing Orientation (masculine/feminine)
Uncertainty Avoidance
Long-term vs Short-term Orientation 12

13. Individualism vs Collectivism
Individual achievement
Freedom
Competition
Example
United States
Collectivism
Group harmony
Cohesiveness
Consensus
Cooperation
Example
Japan 13

14. Power Distance High Inequalities exist Gap between rich and poor
Example
Guatemala
Malaysia
Low
Social welfare programs reduce gaps
Example
Denmark
Germany 14

15. Masculine vs feminine Orientation
Assertiveness
Performance
Success
Competition
Results-oriented
Example
Japan
United States
Feminine
Quality of life
warm personal relationships
Service
Caring
Example
Denmark
Sweden 15

16. Uncertainty Avoidance
Low
Easygoing
Value diversity
Tolerant of differences
Example
United States
Hong Kong
High
Rigid
Intolerant
Conformity
Structure
Example
Japan
France 16

17. Long-Term vs Short-Term Orientation
Thrift
Persistence
High savings rate
Patience
Example
Japan
Hong Kong
Short-term
Personal stability
Happiness
Living in the present
Example
United States
France 17

18. Gæsteforelæsning: Geert Hofstede