1. Chapter 1 Section 4 The Colonies Come of Age Standard 11.1.1, 11.3.2

2. Triangular Trade English took rum to Africa in exchange for people
People sold into slavery in West Indies for sugar/molasses
Sugar sent to England for profit and more rum

3. Triangular Trade
The cycle of enslavement was repeated over and over again
“Middle Passage” was the trip to the West Indies from Africa

4. Triangle Trade The African experience in transport included:
Being branded for identification
Being packed into ship cargo holds
20% dying from disease and beatings

5. Triangle Trade Experience of African Slaves in the Americas
80% worked in fields
20% worked in homes and as artisans
Continued to practice parts of their culture
Some took part in open revolts against their slave masters

6. The Renaissance ( )
Positive Effect: Enlightenment proposes truths can be discovered through logic & reason
Negative Effect: Religious groups believe it pulls people away from the Church authorities and faith

7. The Renaissance
In Salem, Pilgrims arrest hundreds of people for witchcraft
19 men & women convicted and hung
Massachusetts Charter (1691) forces Puritans to:
Have religious tolerance
Give voting rights to all
Decline strict enforcement of Puritan code

8. The Renaissance The “Great Awakening” (1740’s and 50’s)
Revivals aimed at restoring Puritan ways
Preachers traveled preaching their ways
Led to:
Colonists, natives, and African slaves joining Christian Churches
New church denominations gained membership
Interest in education grows and religious colleges are founded
Challenged the authority of established churches

9. Effects of the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening
The Enlightenment emphasized reasoning
The Great Awakening emphasized emotionalism
BOTH caused people to question authority
BOTH stressed the importance of the individual
BOTH movements are important in creating the intellectual and social atmosphere that led to the American Revolution

10. The French and Indian War
As the French empire in North America expanded, it collided with the growing British empire.
The French colonists were interested in trade and had good relations with the Natives
The French began to explore the Ohio River and claimed land around the river for France

11. The French and Indian War
In 1754 the French built Fort Duquesne in the region despite the Virginia Governor already promising the land to the British.
George 22 went to conquer the fort but failed
1 year later he returned with General Braddock but failed due to Native attacks
William Pitt organizes British troops and with Braddock and Washington they defeat the French
Iroquois Indians become allies of the British

12. The French and Indian War

13. The French and Indian War
British launch a surprise attack on Quebec and it wins them the war
Treaty of Paris (1763): Gives most of the land to the British and strips away land from the French and Spain

14. The French and Indian War
Problems that resulted:
Colonist were angered by the Proclamation of 1763 which prevented settlement West of the Appalachian Mountains
Stationing of British troops in colonies were seen as a threat by colonists
British doubled their national debt with war expenses