1. Epidemiology
The science of associations

2. Today’s Goals Brief Intro to Epidemiology Data Example
Learn to Manipulate Data in Excel
Use Data to Measure Associations
Demonstrate Other Available Epi Tools

3. Epi-Definitions Study of population parameters
Development of disease/other conditions compared to time and population size
Association of risk factors with disease/other conditions
Is a combination of observational and experimental scientific approaches.
Can look forward, backward

4. Association Study Formats
Prospective Cohort
Retrospective Cohort
Case-Control

5. Types of Measures
Prevalence
Incidence
Risk
Rate

6. The 2x2 Table (For Associations)
2X2 Table Format
Disease Status
Diseased
Not Diseased
Exposure Status
Exposed A B
Not Exposed C D

7. The 2x2 Table (For Diagnostics)
2X2 Table Format
Disease Status
Diseased
Not Diseased
Test Result
Positive A B
Negative C D

8. Sample Data